Lecture 5 - Pharyngeal Apparatus Flashcards
what does the pharyngeal apparatus do?
develops and formats the face and neck
how many arches are in the pharyngeal apparatus?
6 (the 5th regresses)
what does the pharyngeal apparatus consist of? (4)
pharyngeal arches
grooves
pouches
membranes
pharyngeal arches develop in week __ from ________
4
neural crest cells
what is the stomodeum (arches form near here)
primordia mouth
separates stomodeum from pharynx.
ruptures at day 26, connecting pharynx and foregut
oropharyngeal membrane
each arch consists of (4)
artery
nerve
cartilage rod
muscular component
Artery, Nerve, Muscle, and Bone that arise from:
First (mandibular) pharyngeal arch
Artery –> maxillary and external carotid
Nerve –> CNV2 - maxillary, and CNV3 - Mandibular
Muscles –> MASS and MATT
Bones –> incus and malleus
Artery, Nerve, Muscle, and Bone that arise from:
Second pharyngeal arch
Artery –> stapedial and hyoid
Nerve –> CNVII - facial
Muscle –> muscles of facial expression
Bone –> stapes, styloid process, lesser cornu of hyoid
Artery, Nerve, Muscle, and Bone that arise from
Third pharyngeal arch
Artery –> common carotid
Nerve –> CNIX - glossopharyngeal
Muscle –> stylopharyngeus
Bone –> greater cornu of hyoid
Artery, Nerve, Muscle, and Bone that arise from:
Fourth (and sixth) pharyngeal arch
Artery –> parts of aortic arch and branches
Nerve –> CNX - vagus
Muscle –> muscles of pharynx and larynx, cricothyroid
Bone –> laryngeal cartilages
Pouches develop in sequence between the arches and contribute to the development of the ______
foregut
pharyngeal membrane formed from
endoderm and ectoderm in pouches that pinch together
foregut = ________ and __________
pharynx and esophagus
first pharyngeal pouch forms the
first pharyngeal membrane forms the
tubotympanic process (middle ear cavity)
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
second pharyngeal pouch forms the
palatine tonsil
third pharyngeal pouch forms the (2)
inferior parathyroid glands
thymus
fourth pharyngeal pouch forms the
superior parathyroid glands
ONE pair of pharyngeal grooves contributes to adult structure. Which is it?
1st pair becomes the external acoustic meatus
Two syndromes from abnormal development of first arch
Treacher Collins
- gene defect - underdevelopment of bones of face
Pierre Robin sequence
- sporadic - hypoplasia of bones of face
First endocrine gland to develop
thyroid
endodermal thickening that forms the thyroid primordium descends in the neck through the ________ and reaches final spot and shape by ___ weeks
thyroglossal duct
7
What is DiGeorge syndrome
born without thymus and parathyroid gland
Swellings that contribute to formation of tongue (3)
medial lingual (gets overgrown by) two lateral lingual
two lateral lingual swellings fuse and form:
Which is then marked by (2);
anterior 2/3 of tongue
midline groove and lingual septum
terminal sulcus demarcates
anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of tongue
posterior 1/2 of tongue formed by (2):
copula (parts of 2nd arch)
hypopharyngeal eminence (parts of 3rd and 4th arches)
Diaphragm comes from which for embryonic components?
Septum transversum
Dorsal mesentery of esophagus
muscular growth from lateral body walls
pleuroperitoneal membranes
forms central tendon of diaphragm
septum transversum
