Reproductive Flashcards
What is the difference between primary reproductive and accessory reproductive organs?
The primary reproductive organs produce gametes (ovaries and testes)
Accessory is everything else
What are the male accessory reproductive organs?
- Epididymis
- Ductus deferens
- Seminal vesicle
- Ejaculatory duct
- Prostate
- Bulbourethral gland
- Urethra
- Penis
What are the female accessory reproductive organs?
- Vulva
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Uterine tube
Why are the testes outside of the body cavity?
the temperature of the testicles needs to be cooler than the inside of the body
Name and describe two muscles that help regulate scrotal sac temperature:
Dartos muscle and the Cremastor muscle
When do the testes descend from the abdominal cavity? What do they descend through?
The testes descends through the inguinal canal
* This occurs throughout pregnancy and ends shortly before birth
What does spermatogenesis mean? Where does it occur?
sperm formation -> seminiferous tubules
What are the three sections of the male urethra, from deep to superficial:
*Prostatic urethra: passes through prostate gland
* Membranous/intermediate part of the urethra: passes through pelvic floor
* Spongy urethra: passes through penile tissue
Describe the erectile tissue of the penis.
Smooth muscle and connective tissue surrounded by dense CT -> Vascular spaces fill with blood
What makes up the vulva? What male structures are homologues to these structures?
- Labia majora = outer folds -> Homologous to scrotum, protective
- Labia minora = inner folds
- Clitoris = erectile tissue -> Homologous to the penis
From outermost layers to the lumen, list and describe the layers of the uterine wall. Which of these layers is shed during the menstrual cycle?
Epithelium -> simple columnar
Functional layer -> lamina propria that thickens and sheds due to hormonal control
Basal layer -> region of lamina propria that does not shed
Myometrium -> muscle
Where does fertilization take place? Where does implantation occur?
Uterine tube, uterus
