Heart

Question 1

Cardiac veins drain into the __________ __________ which in turn drains into the __________
__________.

Answer 1

Coronary sinus -> right atrium

Question 2

Which ventricle would be damaged if there was an occlusion to the left coronary artery?

Answer 2

Left ventricle

Question 3

Describe the general events that occur with atherosclerosis.

Answer 3

Build up of plaque in arteries. Makes blood flow more difficult

Question 4

What is a thrombus and how can it contribute to a heart attack?

Answer 4

Stationary blood clot. restriction in blood supply results in oxygen and glucose deprivation. Muscle starts to die

Question 5

What does “bypass surgery” mean?

Answer 5

Taking a different tissue from the body and replacing damaged tissue with the other tissue. In the case of the heart, you take a piece of an artery ex. leg and remove the clotted artery to replace it.

Question 6

What is angioplasty used for?

Answer 6

An angioplasty takes a balloon catheter and opens up the clotted artery

Question 7

What are the four main components of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 7

• heart
• arteries
• veins
• blood

Question 8

What are the differences between the systemic and pulmonary circuits? What are similarities?

Answer 8

Pulmonary: heart and lungs circuit
Systemic: heart and body circuit

Question 9

Detail the flow of blood from right atrium, to lungs, to left atrium. This is called the ________ circuit.

Answer 9

Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> pulmonary trunk-> pulmonary arteries -> lungs -> pulmonary veins -> left atrium
Pulmonary circuit

Question 10

Detail the flow of blood from left ventricle, through the body, back to right atrium. This is called
the _______ circuit.

Answer 10

Left ventricle -> Aorta -> Cells of body -> Veins -> Right atrium
Systemic Circuit

Question 11

Describe the layers that a pin would go through as it passes through the serous covering of the
heart, through the heart itself, and into the left ventricle.
* What are the different layers made of?

Answer 11

• Fibrous pericardium -> parietal layer of serous pericardium -> pericardial cavity -> epicardium -> myocardium -> endocardium -> heart chamber
• Dense irr. CT

Question 12

What happens to the ventricles after atrial systole?

Answer 12

Go into diastole ( relaxation)

Question 13

What happens to the atria and the ventricles after ventricular systole?

Answer 13

Atria : Fill
Ventricles : Empty

Question 14

When does most of the ventricular filling take place? What are the atria doing during this time?

Answer 14

0-0.1 sec , atria is emptying

Question 15

What happens to the AV valves with atrial systole?

Answer 15

AV valves open

Question 16

What happens to the AV valves with ventricular systole?

Answer 16

AV valves close (lub sound)

Question 17

What happens to the semilunar valves with ventricular systole? Ventricular diastole?

Answer 17

Systole : SL valves open
Diastole : SL valves close