Integumentary System Flashcards
Functions of the integumentary system
protection, regulate body temp, synthesizes vitamin D
A strong protein is found in the epidermis. What is it?
-Keratin
Describe how and where melanin is distributed in keratinocytes
melanin produced by melanocytes in organelles called melanosomes. Exposure to UV light increases melanin pigment production. Melanocytes transfer the melanin into keratinocytes.
why are light-skinned people lighter than dark-skinned people?
increased activity of melanocytes/ certain pigments produced by melanocytes
What are pigments that contribute to skin color?
melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin
Epidermal Layers (deepest to most superficial)
- Stratum Basale
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum lucidum (only thick skin)
- Stratum corneum
Stratum corneum characteristics
Dead cells with hard protein envelope; the cells contain keratin and are surrounded by lipids
- apical layer; glycolipids add waterproofing
Stratum lucidum characteristics
Dead cells containing dispersed keratohyalin
Stratum granulosum characteristics
Keratohyalin and a hard protein envelope form; lamellar bodies release lipids; cells die
- water protection
Stratum spinosum characteristics
Keratin fibers and lamellar bodies accumulate
- “Spiny” looking cells caused by tissue preparation; have keratinocytes
Stratum Basale characteristics
Cells divide by mitosis and some of the newly formed cells become the cells of the more superficial strata
1st degree burns
- burn on epidermis
- ex. Sunburns
2nd degree burns
- Epidermis and upper dermis
- Often have blisters
3rd Degree Burns
- All of epidermis and dermis
4th degree dermis
- Epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissues affected
