Reproduction Flashcards
In sexual reproduction how does the mother a father produce gametes
By meiosis
What is the definition of sexual reproduction
It involves the fusion of male and female gametes because there are 2 parents the offspring contain a mixture of their parents genes
How does asexual reproduction happen
By mitosis an ordinary cell makes a new cell by dividing into 2
What is the definition of asexual reproduction
There is only 1 parent cell
There is no fusion of gametes, no mixing of chromosomes and no genetic variation between parent and offspring
The offspring are genetically identical to the parent = clones
Why do gametes only have 1 Copy of each chromosome
So that when gamete fusion takes place you get the right amount of chromosomes again
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction
It produces variation in offspring and thus increases the chance of a species surging a change in environment equalling a survival advantage and thus leads to successful breeding and pass the genes on which is aka natural selection
We can also do selective breeding to get desirable characteristics and increase food production
What are the advantages of asexual reproduction
Only needs to be 1 parents so it uses less energy and is a lot faster than sexual reproduction and many identical offspring can be produced in favourable conditions
What organisms can reproduce by both methods of reproduction
Malarial parasites
Fungi
Plants
Where do the different reproductions happen in malarial parasites
In a mosquito the parasite reproduces sexually
In a human the parasite reproduces asexually
What are the 23rd pair of chromosomes
They are the XX and XY
What are the XX and XY chromosomes
They decide your sex
What are the chromosomes for men and women
Men = XY Women = XX
What do genetic diagrams show
The possible combinations of gametes
