Cell Division Flashcards
What does the nucleus contain
Genetic material in forms of chromosomes
What do chromosomes contain
Large numbers of genes
How many copies of chromosomes do body cells contain
And what type of chromosomes are these
2 copies of each chromosomes
1 mother and 1 father from organism
How many pairs of chromosomes are in a human cell
23 pairs of chromosomes
What do body cells in multicellular organisms do
Divided to produce new cells
What does the cell cycle make cells for
Growth, development and repair
What is mitosis used for
To grow or replace cells that have been damaged
What does the cell cycle result in
Two new cells which are identical to the original cell
With same number of chromosomes
What has to happen to a cell before it divides
Needs to increase the amount of subcellular structures like mitochondria and ribsomes
Then duplicates its DNA so there’s one copy for each new cell > DNA is copied and forms X shaped chromosomes
What process happens after a cell has copied its content and DNA
Mitosis
What happens to chromosomes in the first past of mitosis
They line up and cell fibres pull them apart into the middle of the cell
2 arms of each chromosome go to oppisite ends of the cell
What happens in the second part of mitosis
Membranes form around each sets of chromosomes, and these become the nuclei of the two new cells
So the nucleus has divided
What’s the final stage of mitosis
The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form tow new cells
What kind of cells do mitosis produce
2 Identical daughter cells which has exactly the same DNA which is identical to patent cell
How do prokaryotic cells divide
Through binary fission
