Mutations

Question 1

What is a mutation

Answer 1

A random change in an organisms DNA so a change to the genetic code

Question 2

How is a genetic variant produced

Answer 2

When a mutation happens it changes the sequence of the DNA bases in a gene

Question 3

How do mutations usually effect proteins

Answer 3

Very have little or no effect

Some will change it to such a small extent that its function or appearance is unaffected

Question 4

What happens is a mutation seriously affects a protein

Answer 4

The mutation will code for an altered protein with a change in its shape which could affect its ability to perform a function
Like the active site is changed or structural proteins lose there strength

Question 5

What are the 3 different types of mutations

Answer 5

Insertions
Deletions
Substitutions

Question 6

What happens in an insertion

Answer 6

A new base is inserted into the dna base sequence where it shouldn’t be which changes the way the groups of 3 bases are read and can change the amino acid that they code for

Question 7

What happens in a deletion

Answer 7

A random base is deleted from the dnna sequence

This changes the way the base is ready and has a knock on effect

Question 8

What happens in substitutions

Answer 8

When a random bases in the dna base sequence is changed to a different base