Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Osteopathy Term 2 > Renal System > Flashcards

Renal System Flashcards

1
Q

Approximately how many nephrons are present within a human kidney?

A

One Million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Low blood oxygen levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the structural and filtration unit of the kidney called?

A

Nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is dialysis?

A

Filtration of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What cannot be tested for in a urine testing strip? Choose from the following.
Hormone levels? Glucose? PH? Protein?

A

Hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Renin production has what effect on blood pressure?

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does most reabsorption of water take place?

A

Loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the net result of erythropoietin production?

A

Increase in red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the organisation of the urinary system by placing the following into order.
Ureter, Kidney, urethra, bladder.

A

Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The renal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The renal vein is a branch on which vein?

A

Inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the inner layer of the kidney called?

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. What is the inner layer of the kidney called?
A

Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What artery and vein that supplies the kidney?

A

Renal artery/Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

As the inferior vena cava transitions inferiorly, it branches into the?

A

common iliac vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which organ produces urea?

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is urea made from?

A

Excess amino acids that are broken down by the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which structure carries urine away from the kidneys towards the bladder?

A

Ureter

19
Q

Which steroid hormone do the adrenal glands produce?

A

Aldosterone

20
Q

Which kidney is lower and why?

A

The right kidney due to the position of the liver

21
Q

Which kidney is larger?

A

Left

22
Q

What does aldosterone regulate?

A

Sodium homeostasis

23
Q

What effect does aldosterone have on urine production blood pressure

A

Decreases urine production and increases blood pressure

24
Q

What is the natural PH of urine?

A

4.6 to 8.0

25
Q
  1. How many renal pyramids are present per kidney?
A

7 to 17

26
Q

What is the head of the ureter called?

A

Renal pelvis

27
Q

The site where the renal artery and vein enter the kidney is called the?

A

Hilum

28
Q

What is the function of the ureter?

A

To carry urine from the kidney to the bladder

29
Q

Which receptors detect changes in the body’s internal environment such as the decrease in blood levels of oxygen?

A

Chemoreceptors

30
Q

The production of RBC is called?

A

Erythropoietin

31
Q

The pigmentation of urine is derived from the breakdown of which cells?

A

RBC

32
Q

Water enters cells via the process of? Think of cellular transportation.

A

Osmosis

33
Q

Most reabsorption of water occurs within which loop of the nephron?

A

The loop of Henle

34
Q

Excessively high levels of RBC are known as?

A

Polycythaemia

35
Q
  1. What do tubules in the nephrons absorb?
A

The tubules absorb all usable substances and discard of others

36
Q

Which substance is always disposed of? Which substance is always absorbed?

A

Urea is disposed of. Glucose is retained.

37
Q

Where is glucose stored?

A

In the liver and muscles

38
Q

What percentage of urine is made from water?

A

95

39
Q

Name three hormone which have a direct effect on the kidneys

A
  1. Aldosterone
  2. Antidiuretic Hormone
  3. Atrial natriuretic hormone
40
Q
  1. ADH is produced in which part of the brain? *
A

Hypothalamus

41
Q

Where is ADH stored?

A

Pituitary gland

42
Q

Which two hormones cause a constriction to the arteries thus increasing blood pressure and reduce urination?

A
  1. Aldosterone

2. Antidiuretic Hormone

43
Q

Aldosterone signals for the reabsorption of which mineral?

A

Sodium.

44
Q

Where is Atrial natriuretic Hormone produced?

A

In the atria of the heart.

Osteopathy Term 2 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions