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Osteopathy Term 2 > Arterial Supply to the head and neck > Flashcards

Arterial Supply to the head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

Name the three branches of the aortic arch

A
  1. Right Brachiocephalic
  2. Left Common Carotid
  3. Left Subclavian
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2
Q

The right common carotid artery arises from?

A

The right brachiocephalic

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3
Q

Why is C4 an area of vulnerability?

A

The bifurcation of the common carotid into the internal and external carotid artery

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4
Q

The common carotid artery bifurcates at what level?

What does it split into?

A

C4
The internal carotid artery
The external carotid artery

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5
Q

What does the carotid sinus connect?

A

The carotid sinus connects the internal carotid artery to the common carotid artery.

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6
Q

The internal carotid artery enters the base of the skull via the?

A

Carotid canal

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7
Q

The internal carotid artery enters the carotid canal of the cranial cavity and divides into 2 branches. Name them?

A

The anterior cerebral artery

The middle cerebral artery

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8
Q

The external carotid artery splits into three branches.

Name the anterior, middle and posterior branches.

A
  1. Facial
  2. Superficial temporal
  3. The occipital
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9
Q

The right subclavian artery arises from which artery?

A

The right brachiocephalic

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10
Q

Alongside the subclavian vein and the brachial plexus, the subclavian artery forms which bundle?

A

Neurovascular bundle

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11
Q

The right vertebral artery arises from?

A

The right subclavian artery

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12
Q

The vertebral artery runs through which foramina?

A

The transverse formania of the cervical vertebrae from C1 to C6

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13
Q

The vertebral artery loops posterior around the lateral masses to form which notch?

A

Vertebral notch

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14
Q

The vertebral arteries conjoin to form the basilar artery at what landmark of the temporal bone?

A

External accoustic meatus

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15
Q

The left Subclavian artery arises from?

A

The aortic arch

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16
Q

The left vertebral artery arises from?

A

The left Subclavian artery

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17
Q

Where does the left carotid artery arises from?

A

Aortic Arch

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18
Q

The basilar artery divides into 2 branches, name them?

A
  1. Left posterior cerebral artery

2. Right posterior cerebral artery

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19
Q

Which artery and vein is situated posterior to the SCM?

A

The internal jugular and the carotid arteries

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20
Q

The anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery are branches of?

A

The internal carotid

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21
Q

The anterior cerebral arteries are joined by ?

A

The anterior communicating artery

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22
Q

The middle cerebral artery joins to the posterior cerebral via the?

A

Posterior communicating artery

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23
Q

The basilar artery gives rise to a small group of arteries which supply the pons of the brain stem. These arteries are called?

A

Pontine arteries

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24
Q

What is the first branch of the basilar artery called?

A

Anterior inferior celebellar artery

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25
Q

The Anterior inferior celebellar artery gives rise to a small artery which supplies blood to the inner ear.
What is this artery called?

A

The labyrinthine artery

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26
Q

The labyrinthine artery runs alongside which cranial nerve within the internal accoustic meatus?

A

Cranial nerve 8

Vestibulocochlear

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27
Q

If the The labyrinthine artery becomes occluded what symptoms can manifest?

A

Vertigo, dizziness, sickness, hearing, loss

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28
Q

The axillary artery is a continuation of which artery?

A

Subclavian

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29
Q

Brachial artery is a continuation of which artery?

A

Axillary

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30
Q

Which structures (2) and muscles (3) does the brachial artery supply?

A

Muscles - BBC

Structures - Humerus &Elbow Joint

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31
Q

Which artery supplies the head of the humerus?

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex arteries.

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32
Q

The circumflex artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Axillary

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33
Q

Which muscles does the anterior circumflex artery supply? (3) DBC

A

Deltoid
Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis

34
Q

The anterior circumflex artery wraps around which structure of the humerus?
It is common to fracture

A

The surgical neck of the humerus

35
Q

The posterior circumflex artery supplies which muscles? (4)

What joint does it supply arterial supply to? (1)

A

Deltoid, teres major/minor/triceps

Glenohumeral joint

36
Q

The suprascapular artery is a branch of which artery?

Tip…Thyro..

A

Thyrocervical trunk

37
Q

The suprascapular artery supplies which muscles? (3)
Which bones does it supply? (2)
Which joints? (2)

A

SCM, supraspinatus, infraspinatus
Scapula/Clavicle
A/C and G/H joints

38
Q

The thyrocervical artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Subclavian

39
Q

The thyrocervical artery gives rise to the suprascapular artery in conjunction with another artery. Name it.
What muscles does it supply?
Tip. S, L, T, R

A

Transverse cervical artery

SCM, Levator scapuae, trapezius, rhomboids

40
Q

The thyrocervical artery branches into?

TIP. ITA

A

Inferior thyroid artery

41
Q

Which muscles/Glands does it supply?
Muscles (3) tip s, l, infra
Glands (2) tip stimulates the release of calcitonin and parathyoid stimulating hormone
Structures (2) tip o, t

A

Scalenes, longus cervicis, infahyoid

Thyroid, parayhroid glands, oseophagus, trachea

42
Q

The superior thoracic artery is a branch of which artery?

Which muscles does it supply? (4)

A

Pectoralis major/Minor
Settatus Anterior
Intercostal muscle

43
Q

What is the largest branch of the axillary artery?

A

Subscapular artery

44
Q

Which muscle does the subscapular artery supply?

A

Subscapularis muscle

45
Q

Which nerve innervates the subscapularis?
At what level?
This nerve is a branch of which nerve?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerve
Posterior cord
C5,6

46
Q

The lower subscapular nerve innervates which muscle?

Level?

A

Teres Major
Lower subscapular nerve
C5,6,7

47
Q

The subscapular artery branches into two arteries which supply the dorsal surface of the scapular and musculature which cross the joint.
Name them.
Tip. D. scapular
T. Dorsal

A
  1. Dorsal scapular

2. Thoracodorsal artery

48
Q

The dorsal scapular artery supply’s which muscles? (3)

Which bone does it supply? (1)

A

Teres Major/Minor/Deltoid

Scapula

49
Q

The thoracodorsal artery supplies which muscles?

A

LATISSIMUS DORSI
teres Major
Serratus anterior

50
Q

Which nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?
Level?
This nerve is a branch of which cord?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve
C6,7,8
Posterior Cord

51
Q

Which nerve innervates the levator scapulae muscle?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve
C5,6
Cervical plexus C3,4

52
Q

The thoracoacromial artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Axillary

53
Q

Name the superior branch, lateral branch, medial and anterior branches of the thoracoacromial artery.
Tip.
A,D,C,P

A

Superior. Acromial branch
Lateral Deltoid Branch
Medial Clavicular
Anterior Pectoral branch

54
Q

Which artery joins the deep brachial to the radial recurrant artery?

A

Radial collateral artery

55
Q

Which three arteries are located on the anterior surface of the forearm?

A

Ulnar, anterior interosseus and radial artery

56
Q

The radial artery wraps posterior around which carpal

(2) bones/structure?

A

Styloid process of the raidus,

Scaphoid , trapazium

57
Q

The radial artery branches into?

A

The deep palmar arch

58
Q

The ulnar artery branches into?

A

The superficial palmar arch

59
Q

The superficial palmar arch branches into?

A
  1. Common palmar arteries

2. Digital palmar arteries

60
Q

Which arteries supply the hand

  1. Radial and Ulnar
  2. Humeral circumflex and brachial
  3. subclavian and brachial
  4. deep palmar arch and superficial palmar arch
A
  1. deep palmar arch and superficial palmar arch
61
Q

Which artery supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Posterior interosseus artery

62
Q

The aortic arch descends inferiorly to form?

A

The thoracic aorta

63
Q

The thoracic vertebrae is located between which vertebrae?

A

4th and 12th thoracic vertebrae

64
Q

The thoracic aorta branches into?

A

The abdominal aorta

65
Q

The abdominal aorta is located at which level in the thoracic and lumber spine?

A

T12 to L4.

66
Q

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the kidneys?

A

Renal Artery

67
Q

Which artery supplies the diaphragm?

A

The phrenic artery

68
Q

The phrenic artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Abdominal arota

69
Q

Which nerve innervate the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve, C3,4,5

70
Q

What is the origin of the diaphargm?

A

Sternal internal surface of the xiphoid process
Costal internal surface of the lower six ribs
Lumber Left Crus L1 to L2
Right Crus L1 to L3

71
Q

Which artery supplys fhe foregut?

A

Celliac artery

72
Q

The celliac artery then branches to the right to supply which organ?
Is this artery present on the left or right

A

Hepatic artery

Liver

73
Q

The celliac artery then branches to the left to supply which organ? via which artery.

A

Spleen via the splenic artery

74
Q

Where is the liver located in relation to the diaphragm?

A

Inferior, Upper right hand side of the abdomen

75
Q

Which structures pass through the diaphragm? Level

The diaphragm is in line with which thoracic vertebrae?

A

vena cava (T8)
Oesophagus (T10)
Aortic Hiatus (T12)
Diaphragm (T10)

76
Q

The Oesophagus branches into which organ?

A

Stomach

77
Q

Which sphincter prevents the backflow of hydrochloric acid from the stomach?

A

Lower Oesophageal sphincter

78
Q

The inability of the lower oesophageal sphincter to close fully is called?

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

79
Q

Which nerve innervates th stomach?

A

Vegus nerve

Cranial nerve 10

80
Q

What is the O,I,A,N of iliopsoas?

Which crus does is blend with of the diaphragm?

A

Origin
TP of T12, L1 to L5
Vertebral bodies of L1 to L5
twelfth thoracic and all five lumbar vertebrae
iliacus portion arising mainly from the iliac fossa of the pelvis

Insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur

Nerve innervation
Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Psoas major: anterior rami of spinal nerves (L1-L3)

Osteopathy Term 2 (28 decks)

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