Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

The Central Nervous system consists of which 3 components?

Answer 1

Brain, brain stem and the spinal cord

Question 2

The Peripheral nervous system consists of which 3 components?

Answer 2

12 Cranial Nerves
31 Spinal nerves
Ganglia

Question 3

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 3

To restore homeostasis of the internal environment

Question 4

What are ganglia?

What is the function of ganglia?

Answer 4

Ganglia are ovoid structures containing cell bodies of neurons and glial cells supported by connective tissue. Ganglia function like relay stations - one nerve enters and an other exits. …

Question 5

Where are the spinal ganglion located?

Answer 5

The spinal ganglion with large ganglion cells (pseudounipolar neurons) is located in the dorsal root of the spinal nerve.

Question 6

PNS is sub divided into 2 categories name them and state what they regulate?

Answer 6

Somatic Nervous System (under our voluntary control)
Innervation of muscles

Autonomic Nervous System
Visceral, smooth, cardiac, glands

Question 7

The autonomic nervous system is further divided into two divisions, name them and elaborate on what they do,

Answer 7

Sympathetic (Fight or flight)
Dilates pupils, Heart rate increases, BP increases,
Kidney/Liver inhibited,
Liver breaks down glucose

Parasympathetic (Rest and digest)
HR/BP normalizes
Conserve/restore energy
Pupils constrict to previous size

Question 8

The breakdown of carbohydrates that are stored in the liver is known as?

Answer 8

glycogenesis

Question 9

Which part of the brain controls and regulates the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 9

Hypothalamus

Question 10

Where is the sympathetic nervous system in relation to the spine? What is this known as?

Answer 10

Thoracolumber outflow

T1 to L2

Question 11

Where is the Parasympathetic nervous system in relation to the spine? What is this known as?

Answer 11

Cranial Sacral 3,7,9,10
Innervates the head, thorax and abdomen.
Cranium/ Sacral

Question 12

What is an afferent nerve?

What is an efferent nerve?

Answer 12

What is an afferent nerve?
PNS to the CNS

What is an efferent nerve?
CNS to the PNS

Question 13

Is a afferent nerve sensory or motor?

Is an efferent nerve Sensory or motor?

Answer 13

Afferent nerve (sensory)
Efferent nerve  (motor)

Question 14

Efferent (Motor) nerves leave the spinal cord via?

Answer 14

Ventral root of the anterior horn

Question 15

Afferent nerves (sensory) enter the spinal cord via the ?

Answer 15

dorsal root.

Question 16

The neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located?
The exit the spinal cord via?
They synapse with?

Answer 16

In the lateral horn of the grey matter of the spinal cord.

They exit the spinal cord via the anterior horn and Synapse with the sympathetic ganglian.

Question 17

Name the two types of ganglionic neurons in the ANS.

Answer 17

Pre/Post ganglionic neurons

Question 18

Where is the cell body of the pre ganglionic neuron located?
The axon of the pre ganglon neuron
Is it within or outwith the CNS?

Answer 18

Within the CNS

Question 19

Where is the post ganglopnoc neuron located?

Is it within or outwith the CNS?

Answer 19

Within the ganglion, outwith the CNS

Question 20

What is the nerve root level of the pudendal nerve?

Motor and sensory function

Answer 20

S2 to S4

Question 21

Are pre/most ganglionic neurons..

Myelinated/unmyelinated ?

Answer 21

pre ganglionic neurons.
Myelinated/unmyelinated

postganglionic axons
non-myelinated

Question 22

Efferent nerves travel from the CNS via the dorsal root. Which ganglion acts as a relay station within the dorsal root?

Answer 22

Dorsal root ganglion