Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
The Central Nervous system consists of which 3 components?
Brain, brain stem and the spinal cord
The Peripheral nervous system consists of which 3 components?
12 Cranial Nerves
31 Spinal nerves
Ganglia
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
To restore homeostasis of the internal environment
What are ganglia?
What is the function of ganglia?
Ganglia are ovoid structures containing cell bodies of neurons and glial cells supported by connective tissue. Ganglia function like relay stations - one nerve enters and an other exits. …
Where are the spinal ganglion located?
The spinal ganglion with large ganglion cells (pseudounipolar neurons) is located in the dorsal root of the spinal nerve.
PNS is sub divided into 2 categories name them and state what they regulate?
Somatic Nervous System (under our voluntary control)
Innervation of muscles
Autonomic Nervous System
Visceral, smooth, cardiac, glands
The autonomic nervous system is further divided into two divisions, name them and elaborate on what they do,
Sympathetic (Fight or flight)
Dilates pupils, Heart rate increases, BP increases,
Kidney/Liver inhibited,
Liver breaks down glucose
Parasympathetic (Rest and digest)
HR/BP normalizes
Conserve/restore energy
Pupils constrict to previous size
The breakdown of carbohydrates that are stored in the liver is known as?
glycogenesis
Which part of the brain controls and regulates the autonomic nervous system?
Hypothalamus
Where is the sympathetic nervous system in relation to the spine? What is this known as?
Thoracolumber outflow
T1 to L2
Where is the Parasympathetic nervous system in relation to the spine? What is this known as?
Cranial Sacral 3,7,9,10
Innervates the head, thorax and abdomen.
Cranium/ Sacral
What is an afferent nerve?
What is an efferent nerve?
What is an afferent nerve?
PNS to the CNS
What is an efferent nerve?
CNS to the PNS
Is a afferent nerve sensory or motor?
Is an efferent nerve Sensory or motor?
Afferent nerve (sensory) Efferent nerve (motor)
Efferent (Motor) nerves leave the spinal cord via?
Ventral root of the anterior horn
Afferent nerves (sensory) enter the spinal cord via the ?
dorsal root.
The neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located?
The exit the spinal cord via?
They synapse with?
In the lateral horn of the grey matter of the spinal cord.
They exit the spinal cord via the anterior horn and Synapse with the sympathetic ganglian.
Name the two types of ganglionic neurons in the ANS.
Pre/Post ganglionic neurons
Where is the cell body of the pre ganglionic neuron located?
The axon of the pre ganglon neuron
Is it within or outwith the CNS?
Within the CNS
Where is the post ganglopnoc neuron located?
Is it within or outwith the CNS?
Within the ganglion, outwith the CNS
What is the nerve root level of the pudendal nerve?
Motor and sensory function
S2 to S4
Are pre/most ganglionic neurons..
Myelinated/unmyelinated ?
pre ganglionic neurons.
Myelinated/unmyelinated
postganglionic axons
non-myelinated
Efferent nerves travel from the CNS via the dorsal root. Which ganglion acts as a relay station within the dorsal root?
Dorsal root ganglion
