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Osteopathy Term 2 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How many cranial nerves do we have?

A

12

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2
Q

The olfactory and optic nerves originate from?

A

The cerebrum

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3
Q

Where do cranial nerves 3 to 12 originate from?

A

The brain stem

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4
Q

Name the three components of the brain stem

A

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

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5
Q

What is an efferent nerve?

A

A nerve which transmits information from the PNS to the CNS

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6
Q

What is an afferent nerve?

A

A nerve which transmits information from the CNS to the PNS

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7
Q

What is the spinal level of the thoracolumber outflow?

A

T1–L2

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8
Q

Which system is the thoracolumber outflow part of?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

Name the 12 cranial nerves.

A
  1. olfactory nerve
  2. optic nerve
  3. oculomotor nerve
  4. trochlear nerve
  5. trigeminal nerve
  6. abducens nerve
  7. facial nerve
  8. vestibulocochlear nerve
  9. glossopharengeal nerve
  10. vagus nerve
  11. spinal accessory nerve
  12. hypoglossal nerve
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10
Q

Are the following cranial nerves motor, sensory or both?

  1. olfactory nerve
  2. optic nerve
  3. oculomotor nerve
  4. trochlear nerve
  5. trigeminal nerve
  6. abducens nerve
  7. facial nerve
  8. vestibulocochlear nerve
  9. glossopharengeal nerve
  10. vagus nerve
  11. spinal accessory nerve
  12. hypoglossal nerve
A
  1. olfactory nerve (sensory)
  2. optic nerve (sensory)
  3. oculomotor nerve (motor)
  4. trochlear nerve (motor)
  5. trigeminal nerve (Sensory and motor)
  6. abducens nerve (Motor)
  7. facial nerve (sensory and motor)
  8. vestibulocochlear nerve (Sensory)
  9. glossopharengeal nerve (Sensory and motor)
  10. vagus nerve (Sensory and motor)
  11. spinal accessory nerve (motor)
  12. hypoglossal nerve (motor)
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11
Q
  1. What is the name of the 1st cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. It transmits information relating to?
A 
1. What is the name of the 1st cranial nerve? 
Olfactory
2. It originates from?
Cerebrum
3.Is it afferent or efferent 
Afferent 
4. It leaves the cranial via the?
Cribriform plate
5. Which bone is this part of?
Ehtmoid bone
6. It transmits information relating to?
Smell
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12
Q
  1. What is the name of the 2nd cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. It transmits information relating to?
  7. Which gland can compress the optic chiasm?
A 
1.What is the name of the 2nd cranial nerve?
Optic
2. It arises from?
The optic of the eye
3. Is it afferent or efferent?
Afferent
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Optic Canal
5. Which bone is this part of?
Sphenoid bone
6. It transmits information relating to?
Vision
7. Pituitary
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13
Q
  1. What is the name of the 3rd cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
  7. What effect does the oculomotor nerve have on the pupil of the eye?
A 
1.What is the name of the 3rd cranial nerve?
Oculomotor 
2. It originates from?
Brain stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Efferent
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Superior orbital fissure
5. Which bone is this part of?
Sphenoid Bone
6. What is the function of this nerve?
Innervate the extrinsic muscles of the eye 
7. Constricts the pupil
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14
Q

Which cranial nerves are responsible for controlling movement of the eye?

A
  1. Oculomotor nerve
  2. Trochlear
  3. Abducens
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15
Q

Which four nerves exit the superior orbital fissure

A
  1. Oculomotor nerve
  2. Trochlear
  3. Abducens
  4. Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
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16
Q

Which muscle elevates the upper eye lid?

Which nerve innervates this muscle?

A

Levator Palpebrae superioris

Oculomotor nerve

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17
Q
  1. What is the name of the 4th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. Which muscle of the eye does it innervate?
  7. What is the functWhaion of this muscle?
A
  1. What is the name of the 4th cranial nerve?
    Trochlear Nerve
  2. It originates from?
    Brain Stem
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
    Efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
    Superior orbital fissure
  5. Which bone is this part of?
    Sphenoid bone
  6. Which muscle of the eye does it innervate?
    Superior oblique muscle
  7. What is the function of this muscle?
    Moves the eye down and in (Look down towards the nose)
18
Q

What is the name of the largest cranial nerve?

A

Trigemninal nerve

Cranial nerve 5

19
Q

Name the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve

A

Opthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular

20
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve has a motor function?

Which muscles does it inneravate?

A

Mandibular branch

Muscles of mastication

21
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve supplies sensation to the lower eye lid?

A

Maxillary nerve

22
Q

Which foremen do the branches of the trigeminal nerves exit?

  1. Opthalmic
  2. Maxillary
  3. Mandibular
A 
1. Opthalmic Nerve
Superior orbital fissure (Sphenoid)
2. Maxillary Nerve
Formen Rotudum (Sphenoid) 
3. Mandibular Nerve
foramen ovale (Sphenoid)
23
Q
  1. What is the name of the 6th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. It transmits information relating to?
A
  1. What is the name of the 6th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. It transmits information relating to?
24
Q
  1. What is the name of the 6th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. Which muscle does it innervate?
A 
1.What is the name of the 6th cranial nerve?
Abducens
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Efferent (Motor)
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Superior orbital fissure 
5. Which bone is this part of?
Sphenoid
6. Lateral Rectus
25
Q

If the abducens nerve is damaged, the eye has the tendency to move?

A

Inwards (Cross eyed)

26
Q
  1. What is the name of the 7th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. Which muscle does it innervate?
  7. This nerve supplies sensation to?
  8. it provides parasympathetic innervation to which gland?
A 
1.What is the name of the 7th cranial nerve?
Facial Nerve
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Sensory & Motor
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Travels through the internal accoustic meatus, exiting the temporal bone via the stylomastoid foramen.
5. Which bone is this part of?
Temporal bone
6. Which muscle does it innervate?
Muscles of facial expression
7.  This nerve supplies sensation to?
Anterior 2/3rd of the tongue 
8. it provides parasympathetic innervation to which gland?
Lacrimal gland
27
Q

What is the function of the lacrimal gland?

A

Releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eye’s surface as it lubricates and moistens it.
Tears :’(

28
Q

Which condition causes a temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles of the face.
Which cranial nerve does it effect?

A

Bells Palsy C

Cranial Nerve 7 (Facial Nerve)

29
Q
  1. What is the name of the 8th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
A 
1.What is the name of the 8th cranial nerve?
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Afferent (Sensory)
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Arises from the inner ear, passes through the internal acoustic meatus and enters the brain stem.
5. Which bone is this part of?
Temporal Bone
6. What is the function of this nerve?
Cochlear portion transmits sound
Vestibular controls balance
30
Q

Damage to the 8th cranial nerve can compromise?

A

Cochlear portion transmits sound (Hearing)

Vestibular (Balance)

31
Q
  1. What is the name of the 9th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
A 
1. What is the name of the 9th cranial nerve?
Glossopharangeal Nerve
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Sensory & Motor 
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Jugular Foramen 
5. Which bone is this part of?
Temporal Bone
6. What is the function of this nerve?
Swallowing and the Gag Reflex
32
Q

Which artery supplies the vestibular apparatus and cochlea?

A

Labyrinthine artery

33
Q

The Labyrinthine artery artery is a branch of? (2)

A 
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (85%)
Basilar Artery (15%)
34
Q

Which nerve innervates the parotid salivary glands?

A

Glossopharyngeal

Cranial Nerve 9

35
Q
  1. What is the name of the 10 th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
  7. The vegus nerve is also known as?
A 
1. What is the name of the 10th cranial nerve?
Vegus Nerve
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Both
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
The jugular foramen 
5. Which bone is this part of?
Temporal Bone
6. What is the function of this nerve?
regulation of internal organ functions, such as digestion, heart rate, and respiratory rate, as well as vasomotor activity
7. The vegus nerve is also known as?
The wandering nerve
36
Q

The vagus nerve innervates which muscles?

A

Larynx and Pharynx

37
Q

Which part of the nervous system does the vagus nerve work in conjunction with?

A

Parasympathetic

38
Q 
Which reflex actions does the vagus nerve innervate?
C
S
S
V
A

Coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting

39
Q
  1. What is the name of the 11th cranial nerve?
  2. It originates from?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen? (2)
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
A 
1. What is the name of the 11th cranial nerve?
Accessory Nerve
2. It originates from?
Brain Stem
3. Is it afferent or efferent 
Efferent (Motor)
4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
Jugular 
Foreamen Magnum
5. Which bone is this part of?
Temporal
6. What is the function of this nerve?
Innervates the SCM and Trapezius
40
Q
  1. What is the name of the 12th cranial nerve?
  2. Hypoglossal is derived from ancient greek meaning?
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen? (2)
  5. Which bone is this part of?
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
A
  1. What is the name of the 12th cranial nerve?
    Hypoglossal Nerve
  2. Hypoglossal is derived from ancient greek meaning?
    Under the tongue
  3. Is it afferent or efferent
    Efferent (motor)
  4. It leaves the cranial via which foramen?
    Hypoglosaal canal
  5. Which bone is this part of?
    Occipital bone
  6. What is the function of this nerve?
    Innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
41
Q

Which 2 nerves work together to enable swallowing to occur?

A

Glossopharyngeal

Hypoglossal

Osteopathy Term 2 (28 decks)

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