Renal Calculi Flashcards

1
Q

what are renal calculi

A

kidney stones

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2
Q

what is another word to call kidney stones

A

nephrolithiasis

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3
Q

higher incidence in men or women?

A

men dt BPH ?

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4
Q

Etiology

A

complex interaction

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5
Q

3 factors in the complex interactions

A

structural changes
increase solutes in the blood/urine
dietary and metabolic factors

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6
Q

Patho

A

increase in solutes/urine status - precipitators in the urine - nucleus = crystalization

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7
Q

what inhibits crystallization

A

kidney proteins

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8
Q

4 types of stones

A

calcium
cystine
uric acid
magnesium ammonium phosphate

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9
Q

what does the stag horn calculi cause

A

non colicky pain

distention of renal pelvis and calyces

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10
Q

Manifestations

A

severe renal colic
ureter spasms = pain
non colicky pain
nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis

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11
Q

Diagnosis

A
Pain
US
CT
IVP (intravenous pyelogram) contrast med in vein until reaches obstruction
urinalysis
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12
Q

Treatment

A

90% passed in less than 5mm

morphine for pain
gravol for nausea 
antispasmodic: buscopan 
treat cause (dietary)
increase fluid uptake
surgery - lithotripsy (high frequency sound waves)
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