Acute Renal Failure Flashcards
what is acute renal failure
loss of renal function
what are signs of loss of renal function
fluid and electrolyte imbalances
azotemia
is it reversible
yes
how many mL do you need to excrete to prevent azotemia
400ml a day
what are the ml values for oliguria and anuria
oligura - 100-400ml a day
anuria- less than 100ml a day
etiology
mostly due to hypotension, hypovolemia
Pre: dehydration, sepsis, shock
Intra: drugs, pyelonephritis
Post: obstruction, BPH
Patho for Pre
dehydration = decreased renal perfusion = oliguria and ischemia
Patho for Intra
Initiating phase: onset until mnfts
maintenance phase: decrease GFR, oligura, mnfts maintained
recovery phase: tissue repair- gradual increase in GFR
Patho of Post
BPH? = urine stasis = hydroureter = hydronephrosis
Manifestations
Oligura/Anuria (sometimes non oliguria forms) Fluid and electrolyte imbalances Azotemia Edema HTN Proteinuria, hematuria
Treatment
stat intervention
replace fluid and electrolytes MONITOR
Diet: increase cal, decrease proteins