Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

there are primary and secondary types of lung cancer, T or F

A

True. and both are a major cause of death and usually largely avoidable

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2
Q

where does lung cancer usually met to

A

liver, bone, brain

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3
Q

what are the 4 major types of primary lung cancer

A
  1. adenocarcinomas
  2. squamous cell carcinoma
  3. large cell carcinoma
  4. small cell carcinoma
  5. and then a mixed group
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4
Q

what does NSCLC stand for

A

non small cell lung cancer

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5
Q

what does SCLC stand for

A

small cell lung cancer

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6
Q

what types are NSCLC

A

squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma

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7
Q

what types are SCLC

A

small cell carcinoma

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8
Q

Aetiology related to lung cancer

A

smoking
toxins such as asbestos
genetic predispositon

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9
Q

Patho for Adenocarcinomas

A

peripheral in origin (alveoli and bronchioles)

more common in women and non smokers

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10
Q

Patho of squamous cell carcinoma

A

arise in central bronchi (hilum where the bronchus exit and enter)
spreads to hilar nodes
more common in men

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11
Q

Patho of large cell carcinoma

A

peripheral in origin (alveoli and bronchioles)
large undifferentiated cells
metastasis easily (poor prognosis)

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12
Q

patho of small cell carcinoma

A

resembles oat grains
99% in smokers
aggressive, invasive, metastasis to the brain
diffused cells (not a mass so can’t undergo surgery)
susceptible to radiation
paraneoplastic syndromes (excessive hormone secretion - cushings and SIADH)

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13
Q

Manifestations of lung cancer

A

Central: (squamous) impairs ventialtion
- coughing, wheezing, dyspnea

All: hemoptysis (coughing of blood)

paraneoplastic syndromes

occupying lesions may cause inflammation and pain
- cardiac manifestations if pericardium is affected

pressure on pericardium may result in cardia manifestations

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14
Q

Diagnosis of lung cancer

A
Hx, Px
chest x-ray
US, CT, MRI
bronchoscopy and biopsy
cytology (sputum or bronchial wash)
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15
Q

Treatment of lung cancer

A

NSCLC: combo of radiation, chemo, surgery
SCLC: chemo and radiation (no surgery as cells are diffused)

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