Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4th year revision > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

which are the 3 nephrotic syndromes?

A
  • minimal change
  • focal segmental glomerulonephritis
  • membranous nephropathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which are the 3 nephritic syndromes?

A
  • rapidly progressive glomerulosclerosis
  • IgA nephropathy
  • Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does minimal change disease present?

A

In children where they have evidence of oedema + renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you manage minimal change disease?

A

oral steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which glomerulonephritis has a high recurrence rate in renal transplant patients?

A

focal segmental glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the management of focal segmental glomerulonephritis ?

A

steroids +/- immunosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

in which glomerulonephritis do you see sub epithelial immune deposits in the basement membrane, and thickening of the basement membrane?

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in which glomerulonephritis do you see spike and dome signs?

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which glomerulonephritis is associated with the PLA2R antibody?

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the causes of membranous nephropathy?

A
  • infections (hep B/parasites)
  • connective tissue disease (lupus)
  • malignancies
  • drugs (gold/penicillamine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the management of membranous nephropathy?

A

ACEi + steroids + cyclophosphamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which glomerulonephritis is associated with a recent (48hr) history of an upper respiratory tract infection?

A

IgA nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which glomerulonephritis is associated with a 2 week history of an upper respiratory tract infection?

A

post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what biopsy findings can be seen in IgA nephropathy?

A

IgA deposits in the mesangium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IF diabetic and have microalbuminaemia what drug should the person be started on?

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In which glomerulonephritis do you find glomerular crescents?

A

rapidly progressive glomerulosclerosis

17
Q

In which glomerulonephritis do you find tram tracks on biopsy?

A

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

18
Q

what are the causes of rapidly progressive glomerulosclerosis ?

A

Endothelium damage (vasculitis)

  • ANCA +ve - microscopic polyangiitis
  • ANCA -ve - SLE, goodpasteurs, henoch sclein purpura
19
Q

what is a known cause of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?

A

Lupus

20
Q

what is a common cause of focal segmental glomerulonephritis?

A

HIV

21
Q

what is the triad of blood/urinalysis findings seen in acute graft rejection?

A
  • high creatinine
  • proteinuria
  • pyuria (leucocytes in urine)
22
Q

what is the time course and managment of acute graft rejection?

A

presents up to 6 months post transplant and management is with IV steroids and immunosuppressants

23
Q

What is the cause of acute graft failure?

A

mismatched HLA (cytotoxic T cells)

24
Q

what is the cause of hyper-acute graft rejection?

A

antibodies against ABO or HLA antigens - type 2 sensitivity reaction

25
Q

what is the time course and managment of hyper-acute graft rejection?

A

presents within minutes to hours of transplant and the managment is removal of graft

26
Q

what are the causes of chronic graft failure?

A
  • chronic allograft nephropathy

- recurrence of original renal disease (FSGS)

27
Q

when does chronic graft failure present?

A

more than 6 months

28
Q

how does alport’s syndrome present?

A
  • progressive renal failure
  • bilateral sensorineural hearing loss
  • goodpasteurs syndrome like picture
29
Q

what is the cause of Alports syndrome?

A

X linked dominant disease caused by a defect in the gene which codes for type IV collagen resulting in an abnormal glomerular basement membrane

30
Q

what are examples of loop diuretic

A

furosemide, bumetanide

31
Q

what are examples of thiazide diuretics

A

Bendroflumethiazide

32
Q

what are examples of thiazide like diuretics

A

indapamide,

33
Q

what are examples of potassium sparing diuretics

A

spironolactone, amiloride, eplerone

4th year revision (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions