MSK Flashcards
Crescent sign on pelvic x-ray
Avascular necrosis
Weber type A fracture
Fracture distal to the syndesmosis
Weber type B fracture
Fracture involving the syndesmosis
Weber type C fracture
Fracture proximal to the syndesmosis (involving the ankle ligaments making it unstable)
What is the management of Weber type A,B and C fractures
A = CAM boot and mobilise B = CAM boot vs ORIF depending on stability C = ORIF
Explain the Salter-harris classification system
Type 1 = involves the physis
Type 2 = involves the physis and epiphysis
Type 3 = involves the physis and metaphysis
Type 4 = involves the physis, epiphysis and metaphysis
Type 5 = crush fracture of physis
imaging of choice for achilles tendon rupture
USS
what is the management of anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Primary prophylaxis - 75mg aspirin Secondary prophylaxis (miscarriage doesnt count as thrombotic event)- warfarin or LMWH if pregnant `
pencil in cup xray appearance
Psoriatic arthritis
pain in DIP joints worse in morning and relieved by exercise
psoriatic arthritis
shortened and externally rotated leg
femoral/NOF fracture
shortened and internally rotated leg
hip dislocation
feltys syndrome triad
rheumatoid arthritis with destructive joint involvement + low white cell count + splenomegaly
imaging of choice for suspected osteomyelitis?
MRI
where is the most common site that osteomyelitis occurs in the long bones of children?
metaphysis
how are scaphoid fractures managed?
- displaced = screw fixation
- undisplaced = cast 6-8 weeks
- suspect fracture but not seen on imaging = cast and rescan in 2 weeks
what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in a young sexually active person?
Neisseria gonorrhoea
what inheritance pattern does marfans have?
autosomal dominant
what are the indications for starting bisphosphinates?
- DEXA score less than -2.5
- person on logn term steroids
- anyone 75 or older with fragility fracture
intracapsular displaced radial #
Barton’s fracture
extracapsular radial # with dorsal angulation
Colle’s fracture
extracapsular radial # with palmar angulation
Smith’s fracture
outpouching of bone following trauma
Buckle fracture
ulnar # with dislocation at elbow
Monteggia
radial # with dislocation at wrist
Galeazzi
fracture that does not go all the way through the bone
Greenstick fracture
Management of a displaced intracapsular hip #
Total hip replacement or hemi-arthroplasty
Managment of sub trochanteric hip #
IM nail
management of stable intra-trochanteric hip #
Dynamic hip screw
management of unstable intra-trochanteric hip #
IM nail
Twisting injury, pain and hemarthrosis at knee
ACL rupture
hyperextension injury to knee
PCL rupture
force to outside of leg
medial collateral ligamnet
rotational injury + locking
meniscal tear
Teenage girl with knee pain going down stairs
chondromalacia patellae
unhappy triad with knee
ACL, medial collateral and meniscal tear
A sporty teenager presents with knee pain after exercise associated with intermittent swelling and locking
osteochondritis dissecans
A sporty teenage boy presents with pain, tenderness and swelling over the tibial tubercle
osgood-slater disease
