renal Flashcards
responsible for renal acid secretion
glutamine
magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals
struvite, coffin shaped
cystinuria/aminoaciduria shaped crystals
hexagon shaped crystals
calcium oxalate stones
x in center of crystal
diffuse capillary wall thickening without marked glomerular hypercellularity
membranous nephropathy
congenital anomaly caused by fusion of the metanephros in utero
horseshoe kidney
triamterene
blocks epithelial sodium channel (ENAC)
filtration fraction
GFR / RPF
filtration fraction in healthy individual
20%
this diuretic rids calcium
thiazide
oxybutynin
anti-muscarinic agent used to treat urge incontenince (holds urine in bladder)
acute tubular necrosis
caused by ischemia to the kidney
-ex. aminoglycosides, radiographic dye, heavy metals, apmhotericin B
where will the bladder rupture at?
the dome
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
often due to SLE (wire lupus). IgG based immune completes with C3 deposition
IgA nephropathy
-berger disease
-occurs concurrently with respiratory or GI tract infectious
-light microscopy shows mesangial proliferation
alport syndrome
mutation in type IV collagen, x linked dominant, can’t see, can’t pee, can’t hear a bee, basket weave appearance due to irregular thickening of GBM
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
type 1 may be secondary to hep B or C infection
renal artery stenosis
RAAS will be active in the opposite kidney
mutation in ADPKD
polycistin
mutation in ARPKD
fibrocystin
the kidney is next to which rib
12
most sensitive test for UTI
nitrites - correlates with induction time of bacteria in bladder
concentration at which glycosuria happens
> 200 mg = threshold of glucose in the kidney
post strep glomerulonephritis on electron microscopy
sub epithelial humps
