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A&P 2 > Redo Of Blood And Cap > Flashcards

Redo Of Blood And Cap Flashcards

1
Q

45% of blood is_____
55% of blood is ______

A

Formed elements.
Blood plasma

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2
Q

Blood is alkaline or acidic

A

Slightly alkaline pH
(7.35-7.45)

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3
Q

Blood plasma proteins

A

Albumin,
Globulins,
Fibrinogen (clotting proteins)

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4
Q

osmotic pressure, viscosity, carrier for some hydrophobic molecules, synthesized in liver. Most abundant

A

Albumin

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5
Q

carrier for some hydrophobic molecules, contribute to immunity

A

Globulins

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6
Q

important in hemostasis (stoppping flow of blood). Least abundant.

A

Fibrinogen (clotting protein)

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7
Q

The formation of formed
elements in red bone marrow

A

Hemopoiesis (hematopoiesis)

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8
Q

Where are blood cells and platelets made?

A

Bone marrow

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9
Q

Which element is highly specialized 02 transport

A

Rbc

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10
Q

Rbc lifespan

A

120 days, recycled in
spleen and liver

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11
Q

RBC’s are filled with

A

Hemoglobin

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12
Q

is a protein molecule adapted to carry
O2 (and CO2 as well),
● binds oxygen best at high pH

A

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

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13
Q

High concentrations of CO2 lead to low pH Tissues->high CO2->low pH->oxygen_____
Lungs->low CO2->
high pH->oxygen_____

A

unbinds. binds

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14
Q

The Production of RBCs.

A

Erythropoiesis

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15
Q

Granulocytes : contain granules when stained

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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16
Q

Agranulocytes

A

monocytes and lymphocytes

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17
Q

most numerous WBC in normal blood (60-70% of circulating white cells) phagocytize bacteria

A

Neutrophils

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18
Q

respond to multicellular parasites, allergens

A

Eosinophil

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19
Q

inflamatory response

A

Basophil

20
Q

major group of phagocytic cells. Common in
the peripheral tissues.

A

Monocytes

21
Q

respond to very specific foreign antigens

A

Lymphocytes

22
Q

Shifts in the normal percentages of circulating WBCs will
often point towards a bacterial infection (elevated percentage of_____) or a viral infection (elevated percentage of_______)

A

neutrophils. lymphocytes

23
Q

huge cells that splinter into 2000 to
3000 fragments while still in the red bone marrow
Each fragment is a platelet/thrombocyte

A

Megakaryocytes

24
Q

Platelet lifespan

A

short life span (5 to 9 days)

25
Q

Have no organelles

A

Rbc and platelets

26
Q

What is Involved in Hemostasis
● (stopping blood flow)

A

Platelets

27
Q

is a sequence of responses that stops bleeding

A

Hemostasis

28
Q

Hemostasis mechanism
_____ occurs as damaged blood vessels constrict

A

Vascular spasm

29
Q

Hemostasis mechanisms
Platelets adhere to damaged endothelium to form a _____

A

platelet plug

30
Q

consolidation of the fibrin clot. decreases
the risk of further damage

A

Clot retraction

31
Q

dissolves small, inappropriate clots;
and clots at a site of damage once the damage is repaired.

A

Fibrinolytic system

32
Q

forming a thrombus, a clot in an unbroken
blood vessel

A

Thrombosis

33
Q

blood clot, air bubble, piece of fat or other debris transported by the bloodstream

A

Embolus

34
Q

Red cells (and all cells in the body) have proteins on their surface which act as_____ or surface markers
● The immune system produces specific_____ that
bind to and attack nonself xxxxx

A

antigens. antibodies. (xxx= antigens)

35
Q

Capillaries have 1 basic layer or “tunic” which comprises the vessel wall

A

Tunica interna (intima): epithelial tissue and basement membrane

36
Q

only sites in the entire vasculature where gases, water and other nutrients are exchanged.

A

Capillaries

37
Q

Branch from arteriole to venule

A

Metareriole

38
Q

____ controls flow to capillary bed

A

Precapillary sphincter

39
Q

Three types of capillaries:

A

Continuous, Fenestrated, Sinusoids

40
Q

most common continuous tube with small intercellular clefts. Least exchange w interstitial fluid

A

Continuous capillaries

41
Q

kidneys, villi of small intestines, and endocrine glands Pores through endothelial cells

A

Fenestrated capillaries

42
Q

liver, spleen
Large pores through which blood can percolate

A

Sinusoids

43
Q

hydrostatic and osmotic forces at the
capillaries determine

A

filtration and reabsorption

44
Q

movement of fluid through the walls of the capillary into the interstitial fluid.

A

Filtration

45
Q

movement of fluid from the interstitial fluid back into the capillary.

A

Reabsorption

A&P 2 (27 decks)

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