Pt 3 Exam 2 Flashcards
Draining interstitial fluid
Transporting dietary lipids from gastrointestinal tract to the blood
Facilitating the immune responses
Functions of the lymphatic system
Larger pores than blood capillaries
Blind ends
unique one-way structure.
Lymphatic capillaries:
● Lymphatic capillaries unite to form _____
● resemble veins with____ walls and more valves
larger lymphatic vessels. thinner
from the periphery towards the central
vasculature.
Flow of lymph fluid
is moved by pressure in the
interstitial space and the milking action of
skeletal muscle contractions and respiratory
movements
Lymphatic fluid
primary and secondary organs and tissues widely distributed throughout the body
facilitates the immune response
bone marrow and
thymus.
Primary lymph organs
Stem cells divide and become
* _____ (capable of
mounting an immune response)
immunocompetent
Where most immune responses occur
Secondary lymphatic organs:
Spleen, Lymph nodes, and other lymphoid
tissues such as the tonsils.
Secondary lymphatic organs:
serve as filters to trap and destroy
foreign objects in lymph fluid.
lymph nodes
Lymph fluid enters the node through _______and moves towards the central
medullary sinuses.
afferent
vessels
______ convey
lymph, antibodies and
activated T cells out of
the node at an indentation
called the hilum
Efferent vessels
The _____ of the _____ is composed of a large number of immature T cells which migrate from their birth-place in red bone marrow
outer cortex. thymus
The inner medulla of the thymus is composed of (more/less) mature T
cells.
more
The___- is the body’s largest mass of
lymphatic tissue
spleen
lymphatic tissue where lymphocytes
and macrophages carry out immune function
white pulp
blood-filled venous sinuses where
platelets are stored and
old red cells
are destroyed
Lymphatic Organs
red pulp
innate
inborn
adaptive
acquired
Our immune response includes what responses
adaptive and innate
Is non-specific and non-adaptive. * physical, and
chemical barriers provided by the skin and mucous membranes. AND
* internal defenses
innate immune
Physical-blocks,
traps, or washes out
microbes
Chemical-acidic or
other antimicrobial
substances
barriers
- Phagocytes
- Natural killer (NK) cells
- Antimicrobial substances
Complement system
Iron-binding proteins
Interferon (viruses) - Inflammation
- Fever
internal defenses
abnormally high body temperature due
to resetting of the hypothalamic thermostat.
* Non-specific response:
speeds up body reactions
increases the effects of endogenous
antimicrobials
fever
defensive response of almost all
body tissues to damage of any kind (infection,
burns, cuts, etc.).
* four characteristic signs and symptoms:
redness, pain, heat, and swelling.
* Non-specifically disposes of microbes and
foreign materials, dilute toxins, and prepare
inflammation
The inflammatory response has three basic stages:
Vasodilation and increased permeability, Emigration (movement) ((of phagocytes from the
blood into the interstitial space and then to site
of damage)), and tissue repair
allows more blood to flow to the
damaged area which helps remove toxins and
debris.
* Increased permeability permits entrance of
defensive proteins (antibodies and clotting
factors) to site of injury
Other inflammatory mediators include
histamine, kinins, prostaglandins (PGs),
leukotrienes (LTs), and complement
Vasodilation
of phagocytes depends on chemotaxis
* Neutrophils predominate in early stages but die off
quickly.
* Monocytes transform into macrophages and
become more potent phagocytes than neutrophils.
Pus is a mass of dead phagocytes and damaged
tissue.
Pus formation occurs in most inflammatory
responses and usually continues until the
infection subside
emigration
