Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physci 107 > Reading 1 > Flashcards

Reading 1 Flashcards

1
Q

_________________ the time between conception and birth

A

Prenatal Period:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

__________________ the first 8 weeks in which all major organs are developed

A

Embryonic period=

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

________________“early form of the body”

A

Embryo:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_________________: the remaining 30 weeks in which organs grow larger and more complex

A

Fetal period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_________________ “the young in the womb”

A

Fetus:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Skin: has two layers _____________________

A

epidermis and dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

__________________ consists most of trunk muscles and contains the vertebral column, the spinal cord and attaching ribs

A

Outer body wall:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

__________________ is composed of the respiratory and digestive structures

A

Inner body cavity and inner tube:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The section through the abdomen shows the peritoneal cavity, lined by ___________ surrounding the digestive tube (stomach, intestines, and so on). The digestive tube has a muscular wall and is lined internally by a sheet of cells. (This lining is shown in yellow)

A

visceral and parietal serosae,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The respiratory structures (trachea, lungs, and bronchi) form from the inner tube. The body cavities in the thorax are _______________ around the lungs and the ________________ surrounding the heart. Parietal and visceral serosae line these cavities as well

A

the pleural cavity

pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kidneys and gonads: The kidneys lie directly deep to the dorsal body wall,______________________________The gonads (testes or ovaries) originate in a similar position but migrate to other body regions during the fetal period.

A

in the lumbar region of the back posterior to the parietal serosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

___________ toward the head or upper part of structure/ body

A

Superior/ Cranial:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_____________ away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure/body

A

Inferior/ Caudal:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_____________________ Toward the midline of the body, on the inner side of the body

A

Medial:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

___________________Away from the midline of the body, on the outer side of the body

A

Lateral:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

__________________ Closer to the origin of the body part or point of attachment

A

Proximal:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_____________ Further away from the origin of the body part or point of attachment

A

Distal:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______________on the same side as

A

Ipislateral:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

__________ on the opposite side as

A

Contralateral:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______________Toward the front or at the front of the body

A

Anterior/ventral:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

________________Toward the back of the body

A

Posterior/ dorsal:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_______________ an immature egg that one of a fertile woman’s two ovaries releases

A

Oocyte:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

______________ a direct route to the uterus (womb) and the sight of fertilization

A

Uterine tube:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

______________ the fertilized oocyte

A

Zygote:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

___________________ the rapid cell division of a zygote that provides enough cells to become an embryo. cell growth between divisions, the resulting cells become smaller and smaller.

A

Cleavage:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

___________________: The fluid filled structure that results after the morula. During day 4, the late morula—now consisting of about 60 cells—enters the uterus. It takes up fluid, which gathers into a central cavity.

A

Blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

_________________ The outer cells surrounding the cavity that will eventually form the placenta

A

Trophoblast:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

__________________ The cluster of cells on one side of the blastocyst cavity, that will eventually form the embryo

A

Inner cells:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

__________________ the final stage of the blastocyst in which the trophoblast layer erodes inward until the entire blastocyst is embedded in the uterine wall.

A

Implantation:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

About 9 days after fertilization, the inner cell mass has divided into two sheets of cells, _______________________

A

the epiblast and hypoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

__________________: the sheet on the top

A

Epiblast

32
Q

_____________ the sheet on the bottom

A

Hypoblast:

33
Q

____________________ the two layers disk made of the epiblast and hypoblast which will give rise to the whole body

A

Bilaminar embryonic disc:

34
Q

__________________a sac formed by an extension of the epiblast

A

Amniotic sac:

35
Q

__________________ outer membrane of the amniotic sac

A

Amnion:

36
Q

_________________ internal cavity filled with amniotic fluid.

A

amniotic sac cavity:

37
Q

__________________ formed by an extension of the hypoblast, holds a very small amount of yolk, which is insignificant as a food source.

A

Yolk sac:

38
Q

During week 3, the embryo grows from a two layered disc to a 3 layered disc. This process is

A

gastrulation

39
Q

_________________ the process of the embryo growing from a two layered disc to a three layered one

A

Gastrulation:

40
Q

________________: the germ layer that begins to form a grove that appears on the dorsal surface of the dorsal side

A

Primitive streak:

41
Q

___________________: the first cells that migrate through the primitive streak displace the cells of the underlying hypoblast

A

Endoderm:

42
Q

_____________: the ingressing epiblast cells form a new layer between epiblast and endoderm,

A

Mesoderm:

43
Q

______________The epiblast cells that remain on the embryo’s dorsal surface make up this the outer layer of the skin (epidermis), the brain, and the spinal cord.

A

Ectoderm:

44
Q

_________________(“middle skin”; colored red in Figure 3.5) forms muscle, bone, and connective tissues.

A

Mesoderm

45
Q

_____________ (“inner skin”; colored yellow in Figure 3.5) forms the innermost lining of the inner tube (epithelial ­lining).

A

Endoderm

46
Q

Ectoderm and endoderm are ___________________—sheets of tightly joined cells.

A

epithelial tissues, or epithelia

47
Q

Mesoderm, by contrast, is a __________________

A

mesenchyme tissue (mes′eng-k¯ım; mesen = middle; chyme = fluid).

48
Q

________________: a swelling At one end of the primitive streak

A

Primitive node

49
Q

____________________ defines the body axis (the midline that divides the left and right sides of the body). It extends the length of the body and is the site of the future vertebral column.

A

Notochord:

50
Q

__________________ As the notochord develops, it signals the overlying ectoderm to start forming the spinal cord and brain

A

Neurolation:

51
Q

____________________ the ectoderm in the dorsal midline thickens into this during the development of the notochord

A

Neuroplate:

52
Q

____________________the neuroplate begins to fold inward into this

A

Neurogroove:

53
Q

_______________ begins at the end of week 3 in the region that will become the neck and then proceeds both cranially

A

Neural tube:

54
Q

During neurolation the mesoderm is divided into three sections

A

somite
intermediate mesoderm
lateral plate

55
Q

_____________: A mesodermal segment of the body of the embryo

A

Somite

56
Q

________________ divides into spherical segments in a cranial-to-caudal sequence

A

Intermediate mesoderm

57
Q

_______________ begins as one layer, but soon splits into two. A wedge of space is formed between these two sheets. This space is called the coelom. The two resulting divisions of the lateral plate are the somatic mesoderm, next to the ectoderm, and the splanchnic mesoderm, next to the endoderm

A

lateral plate

58
Q

the wedge of space in the lateral plate

A

coelom

59
Q

what are the 2 divisions of the lateral plate

A

somatic mesoderm, next to the ectoderm,

splanchnic mesoderm, next to the endoderm

60
Q

_________________ As the embryo becomes cylindrical, it encloses a tubular part of the yolk sac,

A

Primative gut:

61
Q

_____________The embryo takes on a cylindrical shape when its sides fold medially and it lifts off the yolk sac and protrudes into the amniotic cavity

A

Folding:

62
Q

_________________
The ectoderm becomes the brain, spinal cord, and epidermis of the skin. The early epidermis, in turn, produces the hair, fingernails, toenails, sweat glands, and the oil glands of the skin.

A

Derivative of the ectoderm:

63
Q

____________
The notochord gives rise to an important part of the spinal column, the springy cores of the discs between the vertebrae.

A

Derivative of the mesoderm/notochord:

64
Q

__________________: Somatic mesoderm, just external to the coelom, produces the parietal serosa and the dermal layer of the skin in the ventral body region. Its cells migrate into the forming limbs and produce the bone, ligaments, and dermis of each limb. splanchnic mesoderm gives rise to the entire wall of the digestive and respiratory tubes, except the inner epithelial lining; that is, it forms the musculature, connective tissues, and the slippery visceral serosae of the digestive and respiratory structures.

A

Unsegmented mesoderm:

65
Q

The intermediate mesoderm lies in the same relative location as the ______________

A

adult kidneys, outside the peritoneal cavity

66
Q

__________ becomes the inner epithelial lining of the gut tube and its derivatives: the respiratory tubes, digestive organs, and the urinary bladder, and the epithelium.

A

endoderm

67
Q

During these weeks the embryo becomes less tad pol like

A

Week 5-8:

68
Q

__________________The upper limb buds appear slightly earlier than the lower limb buds.

A

Limb buds:

69
Q

The protruding tail of the 1-month-old embryo disappears at the end of ________________

A

week 8.

70
Q

All major organs are in place by the end of month 2, at least in ________________

A

rudimentary form.

71
Q

____________spans weeks 9 through 38

A

fetal period

72
Q

Normal births typically occur

A

38 weeks after conception.

73
Q

________________ is one that occurs before that time. Infants born as early as week 30

A

A premature birth

74
Q

________________ Premature removal of the embryo or fetus from the uterus.

A

Abortion:

75
Q

_____________ A procedure for obtaining a sample of amniotic fluid. A needle is inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls, and a small amount of amniotic fluid is obtained.

A

Amniocentesis:

76
Q

___________________ The study of birth defects and of fetuses with congenital deformities.

A

Teratology:

Physci 107 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions