rashes

Question 1

what is the presentation of atopic dermatitis in infants ?

Answer 1

a red itchy rash that appears on the face

has exacerbations then gets better

Question 2

what does atopic dermatitis look like in ann older child ?

Answer 2

a red itchy rash that appear at the flexor areas of elbows and knees

Question 3

which type of rash takes a dermatomal configuration ?

Answer 3

herpes zoster

Question 4

generally what are the viral causes of rashes in children ?

Answer 4

chicken pox
measles
roseola infantum
herpes zoster

Question 5

what are the features of the rash found in chickenpox ?

Answer 5

vesicles and pustules

pleomorphic rash

Question 6

what does the spread of the rash in chickenpox look like ?

Answer 6

central to peripheral

Question 7

what is the general condition of a child with chicken pox like ?

Answer 7

starts with prodrome
fever headache and malaise
has a fever but not high grade

Question 8

what time period is the rash in chickenpox infectious ?

Answer 8

1-2 days before the appearance of a rash up until the last lesion that stays crusty

Question 9

what does the prodrome of measles look like ?

Answer 9

3 Cs
cough
conjunctivitis
coryza

Question 10

what are the features of the rash associated with measles ?

Answer 10

rash begins after the fever
descending rash
koplik spots on the inner side of the cheek

Question 11

what is the configuration of the rash found in measles ?

Answer 11

starts behind the ears
then to the face
then to the rest of the body
( descending rash )

Question 12

what is the general condition of the child suffering from measles ?

Answer 12

very poor general condition, highly infectious

Question 13

what is the general condition of a child with roseola infantum ?

Answer 13

good general condition ( opposite to a child with measles)

Question 14

when does the rash associated with roseloa infantum appear ?

Answer 14

fever lasts for about 4-5 days thena non itchy rash begins to appear

Question 15

what is the prognosis of a child suffering from roseloa infantum ?

Answer 15

a self limiting condition and only symptomatic treatment is required

Question 16

what is the clinical picture of herpes zoster rash ?

Answer 16

dermatological distribution
half of the body only affected
shooting pain

Question 17

given that a child present with a macular rash with history of previous chicken pox infection what is the most likely diagnosis ?

Answer 17

herpes zoster

Question 18

what is the virus responsible for roseola infantum ?

Answer 18

herpes virus 6 and 7

Question 19

mother complains that child has had :
tonsillitis 
perioral pallor 
high fever 
bright pin sized rash 
what is the most likely diagnosis ?

Answer 19

scarlet fever

Question 20

what is the clinical presentation of henoch-schonnlein purpra ?

Answer 20

triad of :
arthritis 
abdominal pain 
purpra 
This presentation is most likely present after the onset of an upper respiratory infection

Question 21

what are the bacterial causes of rashes in children ?

Answer 21

streptococcal infection ( scarlet fever )
meningococcemia
impetigo
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome ( 4 S)

Question 22

what is the clinical picture of meningococcemia ?

Answer 22

signs of meningitis

causes DIC

Question 23

what is the test used to confirm meningococcemia ?

Answer 23

glass test

Question 24

what is the clinical picture of impetigo ?

Answer 24

golden yellow crust around the mouth or nose

very infectious

Question 25

3 month old presented with crops and vesicles all over her body
history of eczema since birth
mother recently been suffering from a cold sore
what is the most likely diagnosis ?

Answer 25

eczema herpeticum

Question 26

what does eczema herpeticum arise from ?

Answer 26

a complication of atopic dermatitis

Question 27

what is the clinical picture of erythema multiforme ?

Answer 27

targetoid lesion on the skin
conjunctivitis
mucous membrane affection

Question 28

what is the clinical picture of wheals ?

Answer 28

widespread raised itchy lesions
lesions clear in less than 24 hours
reappear the following day in a different size