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child health > allergy inn a nutshell > Flashcards

allergy inn a nutshell Flashcards

1
Q

what is an allergy ?

A

abnormal response of the immune system to external stimuli or allergens

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2
Q

what is the mechanism of allergy ?

A

can be IgE or non IgE mediated

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3
Q

what are the feature of an IgE mediated response ?

A

quick onset
anaphylaxis
weel defined mechanism
easy to diagnose

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4
Q

what are examples of IgE mediated reactions ?

A

anaphylaxis
asthma
rhinitis
acute food allergy

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5
Q

what is the most common allergy in newborns ?

A

eczema

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6
Q

which patients must be tested for allergy ?

A 
all immediate type food allergies 
moderate to severe atopic dermatitis 
respiratory allergens
drug allergens 
venom allergy
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7
Q

what age is the most common age of onset of eczema ?

A

usually before the age of 2 years

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8
Q

what factors affect the prognosis of eczema ?

A

the severity
early onset
presence of atopy in parents
eczema to extensors, wrists

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9
Q

what is the most common cause of anaphylaxis ?

A

food allergies

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10
Q

what are the red flags in IgE mediated reactions ?

A 
immediate 
reproducible 
multisystem affection 
Skin affection 
Gut affection
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11
Q

what are the red flags associated with anaphylaxis ?

A 
asthma 
airway signs 
wheezing 
collapse 
sense of doom 
severe abdominal pain or vomiting
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12
Q

what are the risk factors for anaphylaxis ?

A

nut allergies
adolescent age
co-existing asthma

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13
Q

what is the definitive management for allergies ?

A 
avoidance 
adrenaline
being educated 
communication 
food challenge 
immunotherapy
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14
Q

which food allergies continue for life ?

A

fish and shellfish allergy

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15
Q

what is the prognosis of CMA ?

A

most of them go away by the age of 3 years

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16
Q

what age is most commonly associated with allergic rhinitis ?

A

school age and preadolescent

17
Q

what are the morphological allergic signs ?

A

allergic salute
allergic crease
denny morgan lines
allergic shiner

18
Q

which test if positive helps in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis ?

A

HDM test ( house dust mites )

19
Q

how do you treat mild intermittent allergic rhinitis ?

A

oral or local non-sedative H1-blocker

nasal decongestant or oral decongestant

20
Q

how do you treat moderate to severe allergic rhinitis ?

A

intra-nasal steroid

local cromone

21
Q

what advice is applied to all types of allergic rhinitis ?

A

allergen avoidance

immunotherapy

child health (40 decks)

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