Rapid Diagnosing Infectious Disease Flashcards

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1
Q

What 4 tests can be done on samples

A

Antibody test

Antigen assay test

Molecular assay test(testing for genes)

Cultivation in agar test

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of cultivation of bacteria

A

Selective : certain conditions for certain species

general - non selective

Enrichment - selects for certain bacteria

Differential - selection between species

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3
Q

What does differential cultivation use

A

Chromogenic reactions with enzymes and substrates which turn bacteria a different colour

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4
Q

Why would urine be cloudy if infected

A

CFU present

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5
Q

What is latex agglutination test

A

testing for antigens present in sample with antibodies attached to latex beads

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6
Q

Why is latex agglutination an example of serology

A

Serology tests for specific antibodies/ antigen relationships

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7
Q

How is serotyping different to serology

A

Serotyping is identifying different subgroups of organisms eg of ecoli

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8
Q

What 3 things are subtypes dependant on

A

O antigen
H antigen
K antigen

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9
Q

What is the biochemical assay test

A

Using the unique bacterial metabolic activities to identify it on a slide with eg enzymes present

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10
Q

Give 4 advantages to using a molecular diagnostic technique (DNA)

A

Genome tracking is important for evolution

Genetic material can detect where it’s from

Dna is easily amplified

Molecular diagnosis is sensitive to CFU

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11
Q

Name 4 disadvantages of using dna molecular techniques

A

Technology is expensive

Some tests require bacteria to be isolated = long time

Some cross over in sample due to sensitivity for CFU

Standardisation tests needed in labs

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12
Q

Which 2 ways are molecular tests used to identify presence

A

Elisa or PCR with gel electrophoresis

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13
Q

Why is the PCR used in testing called real time

A

Because a binding dye or agent/ gel will illuminate as soon as product is growing in PCR

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14
Q

Name 3 types of agents used in RT PCR

A

Sybr green- binds to dna and luminate green

FRET probe

Dna probe

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15
Q

Out of the reporter and quencher , what is knocked off when dna grows in RT PCR

A

Reporter then quencher

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