Exploiting Knowledge Of Bacteria Flashcards
Why is bacteria used to produce foods like cheese,sauerkraut,yoghurt and probiotics
It gives them flavour and texture when fermented
Why are bacteria used at water treatment plants
They metabolise the organic matter for their own growth and then the co2 is removed so water is purified
What is it called when bacteria are used to remove toxins from environment
Bioremediation
How is oil spills an example of bioremediation
Bacteria use the oil spill as a metabolite (carbon source)
This therefore breaks down the oil
Other than oil spills, name 2 other examples of bioremediation where bacteria use things for metabolite source
Plastic degrading bacteria
Pesticide degrading bacteria
What type of things do bacteria produce naturally in biotechnology if nutrients are supplied
enzymes, chemicals like nutrients and amino acids
Why is natural biotech of bacteria better than chemically synthesising things like nutrient B12 or enzymes
Chemical synthesis produces toxic waste
How are recombinant proteins removed from bacteria when being engineered eg insulin or natural drugs like humanised antibodies
When they reproduce the plasmid via binary fission in competent cells the cells expression sites will be switched on (promoter) and protein will be purified when cell is lysed
What is synthetic biology
Construction of new biological systems, devices and products
Eg bacteria which absorb co2 for global warming
What is protein engineering
Adding or improving functions of proteins eg inside the bacteria
= changing function or behaviour of bacteria
Via design or artificial evolution (mutations)
Give an example of an engireered protein in bacteria
Mutation (artificial evolution) of PETase which allows it to degrade more plastic in bioremediation
What is metabolic engineering
Engineering proteins/enzymes to create new metabolic processes or improve them to produce new products
Eg menthol production which is artificially engineered to be produced by bacteria
