Infleunza Flashcards
Which influenza strain can affect animals like pigs birds and humans and is most severe
A
What does B and C cause
Milder disease in humans
How is influenza transmitted
Respiratorily
Which types of cells are killed by influenza
Ciliated epithelial cells
What happens to mucus because of lysed ciliated cells
It can’t get dislodged and there’s a build up of mucus in the respiratory tract (upper)
What is the first thing that happens due to lysed ciliated cells (our immune response)
Macrophages phagocytose the infected cell
This release cytokines which cause inflammation
What symptom do cytokines cause and why
Leaky nose
Because they act on endothelial cells in the nose
What causes fever
Pyrogens which cause cytokines to act on hypothalamus and increase temperature
Why is a cough a symptom
Build up of mucus
What are the 2 innate responses to influenza
Natural killer NK cells
And
Type 1 interferons IFN which allow resistance of other cells around infected
What are the 2 adaptive responses to influenza
B cells which produce antibodies
T cells which produce CD8 cytotoxic and CD4 helper cells
What is the difference between mucosal and system immunity
Mucosal-
Causes production of IgA antibody
Systemic -
Causes production of igG to protect mucosal surfaces
When is igG produced to protect mucosal surface in the systemic immunity
When cytokines cause leaky nose by acting on endothelial cells
What is the type of immunity the systemic and mucosal immunity produce via iga and igG
Waning immunity
Explain the genome of influenza
8 ss rna (-) (antisense)