Radiology M3 - R4: Introduction to dental radiography

Question 1

there needs to be some knowledge of the legislation in place rgarding the use of ionising radiation, what are the name of the two regulations in place

Answer 1

IRR 2017 - Ionising radiation regulation

IRMER 2017 - ionising radiation medical exposure regulation 2017

Question 2

what are the two types of dental X- rays

Answer 2

intra-oral radiograpghs

extra-oral radiograpghs

Question 3

when was the first radiograpgh used

Answer 3

1896

Question 4

what does the atomic number consist of

Answer 4

number of protons

Question 5

what does the mass number consist of

Answer 5

number of protons and neutrons

Question 6

what is an isotope

Answer 6

atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons.

same atomic number but differnt mass number

Question 7

what is known to be unstable and undergo radioactive decay

Answer 7

radio-isotopes

Question 8

what is the atomic and mass number of tungsten

Answer 8

z = 74

A = 184

Question 9

what determines the chemical properties of an atom

Answer 9

the number of electrons

Question 10

an atom in its ground state is what

Answer 10

neutral = number of electrons is the same as number of protons

Question 11

removing and adding electrons to an atom is known as what?

Answer 11

ionisation

Question 12

an atom that has lost an electron is called what and its charge

Answer 12

is a positive ion, known as a cation

Question 13

an atom that has gained an electron is what and its charge

Answer 13

is a negative ion, called an anion

Question 14

negatively charged electrons spin around positively charged nucleus in predertmined orbits/shells, where can they not exist

Answer 14

electrons cannot exist between those shells

Question 15

each shell is labelled alphabetically innermost shell is …… then what

Answer 15

K then L, M, N, O

Question 16

where do electrons try to fill available spaces first

Answer 16

inner shells first

Question 17

how many electrons doe the following shells hold

K

L

M

Answer 17

2

8

18

Question 18

energy required to overcome the electrostatic force holding an electron in its shell, is known as what

Answer 18

binding energy

Question 19

binding energy is dependant on the two following

Answer 19

which shell the electron is in

how many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus

Question 20

what are the 7 spectrum of radiation

Answer 20

radio

microwave

infrared

visible

ultraviolet

x-ray

gamma

Question 21

define frequency

Answer 21

the number of cycles per unit time, measured in hertz

one hertz = one cycle per second

Question 22

define wavelength

Answer 22

the distance travelled per cycle, measured in metres

Question 23

how is speed measured

Answer 23

frequency x wavelength

Question 24

electromagnetic radiation involves the movement og energy as what

Answer 24

photons

Question 25

measure of how much charge flows past a point per second is known as a

Answer 25

amp

Question 26

DC = direct current, constant unidirected flow is usually found in where

Answer 26

batteries

Question 27

AC = alternating current, flow repeatedly reverses direction where is this usually found

Answer 27

mains electricity