Anatomy: Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards by Rohmat Ali

name this part

subarachnoid space

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name the regions

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which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN IX

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

Mixed (s motor, s sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic)

Leaves cranial cavity via jugular foramen

Sensory function: innervates oropharynx, carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of tongue, middle ear cavity

Special sensory function: provides taste sensation to the posterior 1/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic function: of parotid gland

Motor function: innervation of the pharynx

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which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN IV

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

somatic motor

Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure

(function: movement of eye)

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what is the middle layer of the meninges called

arachnoid mater

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what is the function of the pia mater

coats the brain and blood vessels

(nerves entering and leaving the brain)

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identify the cranial nerve

facial nerve

CN VII

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identify the cranial nerve

Optic nerve

CN II

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name the marked features

3rd ventricle

4th ventricle

spinal canal filled with CSF

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whats the difference between sensory and special sensory

Special senses detect the sensations of taste, smell, hearing, equilibrium, and sight, and are linked to a specific organ (sight = eyes)

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name this part of the sinus

confluence of sinuses

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what is the function of arachnoid mater

arachnoid mater contains arachonid granulation, which reabsorb spinal fluid

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in which lobe would you expect to find visual processing

occipital lobe

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what artery branches of the basilar artery, before the basilar artery diverge to form the communicating artery,

right and left posterior cerebral artery

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what is produced in the 1 and 2 ventricles

cerebral spinal fluid

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how do sympathetic nerve fibres reach the orbit.

by following arteries, especially the internal carotid artery

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name the foramens present in the middle cranial fossa

Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Carotid canal

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identify the marked structures

red = optic chiasma

blue = pituitary stalk

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where does venous blood from here drain to

superior sagital sinus

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which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN XII

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

motor

Leaves cranial cavity via the hypoglossal canal,

motor function of the tongue.

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describe what is happening in the image

as the sinus makes its way down inferiorly, it passes through the jugular foramen.

once passed it becomes the right internal jugular vein

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identify the cranial nerve

olfactory

CNI

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which cranial nerve passes through the purple structure

Olfactory nerve

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When the periosteal and meningeal layer of the dura mater seperate, what does this form?

dural venous sinuses

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the abducent nerve innervates which eye muscle

lateral rectus

the right and left vertebral artery merge to form what artery

basilar artery

name this sinus

straight sinus

the dura mater consists of two layers, what are they called

periosteal layer and the meningeal layer

which artery is present between the layers of the dura mater

middle meningeal artery

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN VII somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

(s motor, s sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic). ## Footnote Leaves cranial cavity via the internal acoustic meatus \> enters facial canal before leaving through stylomastoid foramen **Motor function:** innervates the muscles of facial expression **Sensory function:** small area of the concha of the auricle **Special sensory:** taste anterior 2/3 of tongue **Parasympathetic:** glands, submandibular and sublingual

identify the cranial nerve

abducent nerve CN VI

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN II somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**Special sensory** (function sight) leaves cranial cavity via optic canal

which artery supplies the anterior side of the brain

right/left anterior cerebral artery

name this partof the sinus

right transverse sinus

what is the most inner layer of the meninges called

pia mater

which middle artery merges with the circle of willis

left/right middle cerebral artery

which cranial nerve is the only nerve to emerge from the pons

trigeminal nerve (CN V)

what is the modalaty of CN Vc

mixed sensory to skin motor to muscles of mastication

what is the function of the medulla oblongata

**Medulla oblongata function:** * helps regulate breathing * heart and blood vessel function * digestion * sneezing and swallowing

the vertebral artery branches of which artery

subclavian artery

which region of the brain does the vertebral artery supply

posterior side of the brain

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN X somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**Mixed** (motor, sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic) ## Footnote Leaves cranial cavity via the jugular foreman **Motor function:** provides motor function of the pharynx, larynx and soft palate **Sensory function:** visceral sensation of the heart, and abdominal viscera **Special sensory function:** provides taste sensation of epiglottis and root of tongue **Parasympathetic function**: innervates the smooth muscle of the trachea, bronchi and gastro-intestinal track and regulates heart rhythm.

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN I somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**special sensory** (function sight) leaves cranial cavity via cribriform plate

What are the two divisions of the brain called?

cerebral hemisphere (right and left)

which region of the brain does the common carotid artery supply

middle and anterior sides of the brain

which nerve innervates the special sensory of the anteriror 2/3 of the tongue

facial nerve (CN VII)

what is the modalaty of CN Vb

somatic sensory

identify the cranial nerve

Vagus nerve CN X

identify the cranial nerve

Occulomotor CN III

which foramen does the vertebral artery pass through

transverse foramen | (starts at C6)

when the 2 layers of the dura mater fold on itself between the cerrebelum, what does it form

tentorium cerebelli

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN VIII somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**special sensory** ## Footnote Leaves cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus Special sensory function: hearing and balance

identify the cranial nerve

vestibulocochlear nerve CN VIII

the dura mater is vascularised, which nerve innervates that region

opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

what is the function of the midbrain

**Midbrain Function:** * involvement in motor movement (particularly eye) * auditory * visual processing

what is the modalaty of CN Va

somatic sensory

what does the basilar artery diverge to

right and left posterior communicating artery

the iris has associated radial smooth muscles to make the pupil open wider. what is the name

dilator pupillae

trochelar nerve innervates what muscle in the eye

superior oblique

identify the cranial nerve

Hypoglossal nerve CN XII

name this artery of the circle of wilis

anterior communicating artery

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN III somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**somatic motor** **parasympathetic** **mixed** Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure somatic motor function: eyelid, skeletal. Parasympathetic function: sphincter pupillae muscle

name this sinus

inferior sagital sinus

name this part of the sinus

right sigmoid sinus

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN VI somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

somatic motor ## Footnote Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure (function: movement of eye)

what is the outerlayer of the meninges called

dura mater

identify the cranial nerve

spinal accesory nerve CN XI

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN XI somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**motor** Leaves cranial cavity via jugular foramen, motor function of the trapezius and SCM.

name the foramens present in the posterior cranial fosa

* Internal acoustic foramen * Jugular foramen * Hypoglossal canal * Foramen magnum

identify the cranial nerve

Trigeminal nerve CN V

the little brain is reffered to the what in the brain, and what is its function

known as the cerebellum its functions include precise motor activity, and many more

identify the cranial nerve

trochlear nerve CN IV

which nerve innervates the special sensory of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

when the 2 layers of the dura mater fold on itself between the cerebral hemisphere. what is the name given

falx cerebri

identify the cranial nerve

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties: CN V somatic sensory somatic motor special sensory mixed parasympathetic

**Mixed** (somatic motor, somatic sensory) V1 V2 V3 ## Footnote V1 Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure V2 leaves cranial cavity via foramen rotundum V3 leaves cranial cavity via foramen ovale **V3 Somatic motor function and somatic sensory**: muscles of mastication. **Somatic sensory function:** innervation of the skin, sensation to the teeth.

the iris has associated circular smooth muscle, which contract to make the pupils smaller. whats the name of it?

sphincter pupilae

how do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the eye

via the cranial nerve 3 (occulomotor nerve)

what is the function of the pons

**Pons Function:** * involvement in control of breathing * communication between different parts of the brain * sensations such as hearing, taste and balance

which cranial nerve innervates the parotid gland

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

at what landmark is the confluence of sinuses located in

internal occipital protuberance

which cranial innervates the sub lingual and sub mandibular glands

Cranial nerve 7 facial nerve