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Dentistry Module 3 > Anatomy: Brain and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Anatomy: Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

name this part

A

subarachnoid space

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2
Q

name the regions

A
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3
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN IX

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

Mixed (s motor, s sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic)

Leaves cranial cavity via jugular foramen

Sensory function: innervates oropharynx, carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of tongue, middle ear cavity

Special sensory function: provides taste sensation to the posterior 1/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic function: of parotid gland

Motor function: innervation of the pharynx

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4
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN IV

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

somatic motor

Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure

(function: movement of eye)

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5
Q

what is the middle layer of the meninges called

A

arachnoid mater

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6
Q

what is the function of the pia mater

A

coats the brain and blood vessels

(nerves entering and leaving the brain)

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7
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

facial nerve

CN VII

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8
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

Optic nerve

CN II

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9
Q

name the marked features

A

3rd ventricle

4th ventricle

spinal canal filled with CSF

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10
Q

whats the difference between sensory and special sensory

A

Special senses detect the sensations of taste, smell, hearing, equilibrium, and sight, and are linked to a specific organ (sight = eyes)

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11
Q

name this part of the sinus

A

confluence of sinuses

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12
Q

what is the function of arachnoid mater

A

arachnoid mater contains arachonid granulation, which reabsorb spinal fluid

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13
Q

in which lobe would you expect to find visual processing

A

occipital lobe

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14
Q

what artery branches of the basilar artery, before the basilar artery diverge to form the communicating artery,

A

right and left posterior cerebral artery

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15
Q

what is produced in the 1 and 2 ventricles

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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16
Q

how do sympathetic nerve fibres reach the orbit.

A

by following arteries, especially the internal carotid artery

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17
Q

name the foramens present in the middle cranial fossa

A
  • Optic canal
  • Superior orbital fissure
  • Foramen rotundum
  • Foramen ovale
  • Foramen spinosum
  • Carotid canal
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18
Q

identify the marked structures

A

red = optic chiasma

blue = pituitary stalk

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19
Q

where does venous blood from here drain to

A

superior sagital sinus

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20
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN XII

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

motor

Leaves cranial cavity via the hypoglossal canal,

motor function of the tongue.

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21
Q

describe what is happening in the image

A

as the sinus makes its way down inferiorly, it passes through the jugular foramen.

once passed it becomes the right internal jugular vein

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22
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

olfactory

CNI

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23
Q

which cranial nerve passes through the purple structure

A

Olfactory nerve

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24
Q

when the two lyers of the dura matter seperate, what do they form

A

dural venous sinuses

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25
Q

the abducent nerve innervates which eye muscle

A

lateral rectus

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26
Q

the right and left vertebral artery merge to form what artery

A

basilar artery

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27
Q

name this sinus

A

straight sinus

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28
Q

the dura mater consists of two layers, what are they called

A

periosteal layer and the meningeal layer

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29
Q

which artery is present between the layers of the dura mater

A

middle meningeal artery

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30
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN VII

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

(s motor, s sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic).

Leaves cranial cavity via the internal acoustic meatus > enters facial canal before leaving through stylomastoid foramen

Motor function: innervates the muscles of facial expression

Sensory function: small area of the concha of the auricle

Special sensory: taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

Parasympathetic: glands, submandibular and sublingual

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31
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

abducent nerve

CN VI

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32
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN II

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

Special sensory

(function sight)

leaves cranial cavity via optic canal

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33
Q

which artery supplies the anterior side of the brain

A

right/left anterior cerebral artery

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34
Q

name this partof the sinus

A

right transverse sinus

35
Q

what is the most inner layer of the meninges called

A

pia mater

36
Q

which middle artery merges with the circle of willis

A

left/right middle cerebral artery

37
Q

which cranial nerve is the only nerve to emerge from the pons

A

trigeminal nerve (CN V)

38
Q

what is the modalaty of CN Vc

A

mixed

sensory to skin

motor to muscles of mastication

39
Q

what is the function of the medulla oblongata

A

Medulla oblongata function:

  • helps regulate breathing
  • heart and blood vessel function
  • digestion
  • sneezing and swallowing
40
Q

the vertebral artery branches of which artery

A

subclavian artery

41
Q

which region of the brain does the vertebral artery supply

A

posterior side of the brain

42
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN X

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

Mixed (motor, sensory, special sensory, parasympathetic)

Leaves cranial cavity via the jugular foreman

Motor function: provides motor function of the pharynx, larynx and soft palate

Sensory function: visceral sensation of the heart, and abdominal viscera

Special sensory function: provides taste sensation of epiglottis and root of tongue

Parasympathetic function: innervates the smooth muscle of the trachea, bronchi and gastro-intestinal track and regulates heart rhythm.

43
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN I

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

special sensory

(function sight)

leaves cranial cavity via cribriform plate

44
Q

the brain is split in two whats?

A

cerebral hemisphere (right and left)

45
Q
A
46
Q

which region of the brain does the common carotid artery supply

A

middle and anterior sides of the brain

47
Q

which nerve innervates the special sensory of the anteriror 2/3 of the tongue

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

48
Q

what is the modalaty of CN Vb

A

somatic sensory

49
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

Vagus nerve

CN X

50
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

Occulomotor

CN III

51
Q

which foramen does the vertebral artery pass through

A

transverse foramen

(starts at C6)

52
Q

when the 2 layers of the dura mater fold on itself between the cerrebelum, what does it form

A

tentorium cerebelli

53
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN VIII

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

special sensory

Leaves cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus

Special sensory function: hearing and balance

54
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

CN VIII

55
Q

the dura mater is vascularised, which nerve innervates that region

A

opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

56
Q

what is the function of the midbrain

A

Midbrain Function:

  • involvement in motor movement (particularly eye)
  • auditory
  • visual processing
57
Q

what is the modalaty of CN Va

A

somatic sensory

58
Q

what does the basilar artery diverge to

A

right and left posterior communicating artery

59
Q

the iris has associated radial smooth muscles to make the pupil open wider. what is the name

A

dilator pupillae

60
Q

trochelar nerve innervates what muscle in the eye

A

superior oblique

61
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

Hypoglossal nerve

CN XII

62
Q

name this artery of the circle of wilis

A

anterior communicating artery

63
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN III

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

somatic motor

parasympathetic

mixed

Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure

somatic motor function: eyelid, skeletal.

Parasympathetic function: sphincter pupillae muscle

64
Q

name this sinus

A

inferior sagital sinus

65
Q

name this part of the sinus

A

right sigmoid sinus

66
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN VI

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

somatic motor

Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure (function: movement of eye)

67
Q

what is the outerlayer of the meninges called

A

dura mater

68
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

spinal accesory nerve

CN XI

69
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN XI

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

motor

Leaves cranial cavity via jugular foramen, motor function of the trapezius and SCM.

70
Q

name the foramens present in the posterior cranial fosa

A
  • Internal acoustic foramen
  • Jugular foramen
  • Hypoglossal canal
  • Foramen magnum
71
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

Trigeminal nerve

CN V

72
Q

the little brain is reffered to the what in the brain, and what is its function

A

known as the cerebellum

its functions include precise motor activity, and many more

73
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

trochlear nerve

CN IV

74
Q

which nerve innervates the special sensory of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

75
Q

when the 2 layers of the dura mater fold on itself between the cerebral hemisphere. what is the name given

A

falx cerebri

76
Q

identify the cranial nerve

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

CN IX

77
Q

which of the following is correct for nerve modalaties:

CN V

somatic sensory

somatic motor

special sensory

mixed

parasympathetic

A

Mixed (somatic motor, somatic sensory) V1 V2 V3

V1 Leaves cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure

V2 leaves cranial cavity via foramen rotundum

V3 leaves cranial cavity via foramen ovale

V3 Somatic motor function and somatic sensory: muscles of mastication.

Somatic sensory function: innervation of the skin, sensation to the teeth.

78
Q

the iris has associated circular smooth muscle, which contract to make the pupils smaller. whats the name of it?

A

sphincter pupilae

79
Q

how do parasympathetic nerve fibres reach the eye

A

via the cranial nerve 3 (occulomotor nerve)

80
Q

what is the function of the pons

A

Pons Function:

  • involvement in control of breathing
  • communication between different parts of the brain
  • sensations such as hearing, taste and balance
81
Q

which cranial nerve innervates the parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

82
Q

at what landmark is the confluence of sinuses located in

A

internal occipital protuberance

83
Q

which cranial innervates the sub lingual and sub mandibular glands

A

Cranial nerve 7 facial nerve

Dentistry Module 3 (33 decks)

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