Anatomy: Pterygopalatine fossa Flashcards
what anatomical structure is responsible for the nasal glands to secrete mucus and the lacrimal glands to produce tears
the activation of the pterygopalatine ganglion, known as the ganglion of hay fever.
Where is the pterygopalatine ganglion located
located in the pterygopalatine fossa
What is the name of the foramen by which the pterygopalatine fossa communicates with the orbit?
inferior orbital fissure
The pterygopalatine fossa communicates with the middle cranial fossa via two foramens what are they
foramen rotundum and pterygoid canal
Where is the pterygoid canal located
posterior aspect of the sphenoid bone
Where is the pterygoid canal located in reference to the foramen rotundum?
posteriorly
Nerve fibres pass through the pterygoid canal to go where?
pterygopalatine fossa
Which nerve fibre types pass through the pterygoid canal to the pterygopalatine fossa
sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres
Autonomic nerve fibres from the pterygopalatine fossa enter the nasal cavity via the what
sphenopalatine foramen
What three structures are present in the pterygopalatine fossa:
Terminal 1/3rd of the maxillary artery
CN Vb (maxillary division)
sphenopalatine ganglion/pterygopalatine fossa
Which part of the maxillary artery does the sphenopalatine artery branch off?
3rd part
Which branch of the maxillary artery supplies the nasal cavity?
sphenopalatine artery
The descending palatine artery branches to form which two arteries?
greater and lesser palatine artery
Which arteries of the maxillary artery supply the upper dentition?
posterior, middle and anterior superior alveolar artery
Which alveolar artery does not branch of the infraorbital artery?
posterior superior alveolar artery
The maxillary artery become what after it passes through the inferior orbital fissure?
infraorbital artery
Which two alveolar arteries branch of the infraorbital artery?
middle and anterior superior alveolar artery.
Which artery supplies the soft tissues of the face?
infraorbital artery
which foramen does the infraorbital artery terminate from
infraorbital foramen
Which part of the maxillary artery supplies the nasal cavity?
sphenopalatine artery
Which artery supplies the hard palate?
greater palatine artery
Which artery supplies the soft palate?
lesser palatine artery
What is the name of the artery before it branches to form the greater and lesser palatine artery?
the descending palatine artery.
On the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, what are the names of the artery and nerves that run along side it?
the greater and lesser palatine nerves and arteries.
locate the posterior superior alveolar nerve
locate the sphenopalatine artery
On the nasal septum of the nasal cavity, what are the names of the artery and nerves that run along side it?
sphenopalatine artery, with the nasopalatine nerve
Which nerve supplies the anterosuperior aspect of the nasal cavity?
CNV1
Which nerve supplies the posterior aspect of the nasal cavity?
CNV2
What is the named branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies the anterior aspect of the nasal cavity?
anterior ethmoidal branch of the nasociliary.
What is the named branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
lateral nasal branches of the greater palatine nerve
What is the named branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies the nasal septum (medial wall of the nasal cavity) of the nasal cavity?
nasopalatine nerve
The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve terminates on the face, which foramen does it terminate at?
infraorbital foramen.
What is the name of the ganglion that sits outside of the foramen rotundum?
pterygopalatine ganglion
The pterygopalatine ganglion is attached to CNV2 through the attachment of what?
ganglionic branches.
Greater and lesser palatine nerve and nasopalatine nerve branch of which ganglion?
pterygopalatine ganglion.
Which division of the trigeminal nerve supplies the lacrimal gland?
ophthalmic division
The zygomatic nerve branches to form the zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial nerve? Where do these two nerves terminate?
zygomaticotemporal nerve terminates via the zygomaticotemporal foramen. Zygomaticofacial nerve terminates via the zygomaticofacial foramen
The zygomatic nerve has a communicating branch. Which nerve does it communicate with?
lacrimal nerve
Which nerve supplies the posterior dentition?
posterior superior alveolar nerve
Which alveolar nerve branches of the maxillary nerve?
posterior superior alveolar nerve
Which nerve supplies the middle and anterior aspect of the maxillary dentition?
middle and anterior superior alveolar nerve.
The middle and anterior superior alveolar nerve branch of which part of the maxillary nerve?
branch of the infraorbital grove.
Which alveolar nerve supplies the mucosa of the maxillary sinus?
middle superior alveolar nerve
Which alveolar nerve supplies the skin/mucosa of the upper lip and labial and buccal gingiva?
anterior superior alveolar nerve.
Preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres leave the spinal nerve via which thoracic vertebrae?
T1
What synapses in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion?
preganglionic sympathetic fibres
Which ganglion would the preganglionic sympathetic fibres synapse at? (superior, middle, inferior)
superior cervical sympathetic ganglion.
What do preganglionic sympathetic fibres become once they have synapsed?
postsympathetic fibres.
The postganglionic sympathetic fibres travel to which nerve? which gives rise to a plexus on the ………. ………. ………..?
internal carotid nerve , internal carotid artery
What sympathetic nerve fibres are present in the internal carotid plexus?
postsynaptic fibres.
The internal carotid plexus forms together to produce a singular nerve, what is the name of this nerve?
deep petrosal nerve.
What nerve fibre type are present on the deep petrosal nerve?
postsynaptic sympathetic fibres
What foreman does the deep petrosal nerve pass through to reach the nasal cavity?
pterygoid canal
What nerve fibre is present in the greater petrosal nerve?
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibres.
Which nerves make up the ‘nerve of the pterygoid canal’?
greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerve.
Where do the pre-ganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibres in CN VII synapse?
pterygopalatine ganglion.
Once the parasympathetic nerve fibres of CNVII synapse at the pterygopalatine ganglion, where do they distribute themselves?
mucosa of the nasal cavity and the lacrimal gland.
Which nerve fibres are responsible for excess mucous and tear production?
parasympathetic fibres of the facial nerve.
Which nerve fibres works to oppose the effects of the parasympathetic nerve fibres?
The sympathetic nerve fibres of the deep petrosal nerve.
Does The deep petrosal nerve synapse at the pterygopalatine ganglion?
no
What are the two-fibre type that enters the pterygoid canal?
– parasympathetic (greater petrosal) and sympathetic (deep petrosal).
Which nerve relays the postsynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres to the lacrimal gland, from the pterygopalatine ganglion?
postsynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres are relayed via the zygomatic nerve to the lacrimal gland.
