Radiology M3 - L1: Radiation safety

Question 1

which two emissions do radioactive nuclides emit

Answer 1

high energy particles and electromagnetic waves

Question 2

when high energy particles and waves encounter living cells, what are the following that can happen

Answer 2

production of heat

break chemical bonds

ionize molecules

Question 3

alpha and beta particles emitted from nuclear decay reations possess much higher energies than what

Answer 3

ordinary chemical bond energies

Question 4

if there was an increase in energy would the radiation be closer to ioninsing or non ionising radiation

Answer 4

ionising radiation

Question 5

if there was an increase in frequency would the radiation be closer to ionizing or non ionizing radiation

Answer 5

ionizing radiation

Question 6

if there was an increase in wave length would the radiation be closer to ionizing or non ionizing radiation

Answer 6

non ionizing

Question 7

which particle is stopped by a sheet of paper

Answer 7

alpha particle

Question 8

which particle passes through metal but stopped by water

Answer 8

beta particles

Question 9

ich particle psses through everything but lead

Answer 9

gamma

Question 10

biological effects of radiation - when we know something will occur, which is not random is called what

Answer 10

deterministic (non stochastic)

Question 11

biological effects of radiation - things that may occur are more random are called what

Answer 11

non determinsitic (stochastic)

Question 12

when the following happens, will it result in a determinsitic or non deterministic effect?

1. can only happen with specific doses
2. as long as threshold has been achieved
3. below threshold the effect does not occur

Answer 12

deterministic effect

Question 13

a patient being treated for cancer with radiotherapy is an example of non determinstic or deterministic effect

Answer 13

determinsitic effect

Question 14

what are the 2 acute affects of radiation and there dosage required to achieve

Answer 14

radiation sickness - 2 to 10 Sv

Death - >10 Sv

Question 15

what are the chronic affects of exposure to radiation

Answer 15

hair loss

cataracts

sterility

obliterative endateritis - inflammation of the intima in the arteries

Question 16

biological effects that occur randomly is a example of which effect

Answer 16

non determinsitic effect

Question 17

which effect non deterministic or deterministic will cause somatic and genetic effects

Answer 17

non determinstic

Question 18

amount of damage not related to dose best describes which effect, non deterministic or deterministic

Answer 18

non deterministic

Question 19

which type of effect are we likely to have in dentistry

Answer 19

non deterministic

Question 20

what are the three factors that determine the dose of radiation

Answer 20

type of radiation

tissues being irradiated

age of the patient

Question 22

what does ALARP stand for

Answer 22

As Low As Reasonably Practicable

Question 23

what does BED stand for

Answer 23

Banana Equivalent Dose

Question 24

who are allowed in the controlled area during exposure

Answer 24

only the patient

Question 25

what determines the size of the controlled area

Answer 25

the KV of the machine

Question 26

a 1.5 metre radius is required with any machines under which Kv

Answer 26

70 Kv

Question 27

what is the Dundee dental hospital policy on distance in controlled area

Answer 27

2 metres