Radiology (diagnosing) and Staging of Lung Cancer Flashcards
in lung cancer what proportion of patients present initially with advanced disease
2/3
on a chest x ray what should the hilar vascular structures look like
they should be crisply defined
on a chest x ray what position should the trachea be in
should be central
on a chest x ray how should the mediastinum present
with no widening
what is TMN staging
stands for tumor nodes metastases
tumor- how big is it/ where is it
nodes- has it spread/how far
metastases- is there any
what is FDG PET scan
flurodeoxyglucose PET scan
why is the molecule FDG used
flurodeoxyglucose contains glucose and tumors like glucose and will take it up, showing the activity of a tumor
what are problems with FDG PET scanning
expensive
limited availability in the uk
define what a T1 tumour is
it is less than 3cm in greatest dimension
it is surrounded by the lung or visceral pleura
no evidence of involvement with the main bronchus
what is a T2 tumor
it is more than 3cm but less than 5cm in greatest dimension
involves main bronchus or invades visceral pleura
whats is a T3 tumor
it is greater than 5cm but less than 7cm in diameter
directly invades either the chest wall. phrenic nerve, parietal pericardium
what is a T4 tumour
it is greater than 7 cm in dimension
invades diaphragm, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal, esophagus, vertebral body
