Lower Respiratory Tract Infections-Children Flashcards
what are common LRTI that children get
Bronchiolitis
Pneumonia
bronchitis
what are common bacterial infective agents that can cause LRTI in children (5)
strep pneumoniae Haemophilus influenza moxraxella catarrhalis Mycoplasma pneumonia chlamydia pneumoniae
what are some common viral infective agents that cause LRTI (4)
RSV
parainfluenza III
influenxa A and B
adenovirus
what is Tracheitis
inflammation of the trachea, usually secondary to a nose or throat infection.
if a patient has tracheitis what symptoms will they present with
prolonged croup with fever
biphasic stridor
what bacteria usually cause tracheitis
staph. aureus
streptococcus pneumonia
when do most cases of bronchitis get better
usually after a few days
what is bronchitis
short term inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs
what are the symptoms of bronchitis
rattly cough w/ URTI
post-tussive vomit
NO wheeze
if a child has bronchitis will they appear well or unwell
will appear well-mostly self limiting infection
what microorganisms can cause bronchitis (2)
Haemophilus
pneumococcus
what viruses can cause bronchitis
RSV/adenovirus
what is respiratory syncytial virus
causes infection of the lungs and breathing passages, is a major cause of respiratory illness in young children
what does bacterial bronchitis usually come secondary to
secondary to upper respiratory tract infection
what is bronchiolitis
LRTI of infants
what percentage of infants experience bronchiolitis
30-40%
what microorganisms can cause bronchiolitis
RSV
parafllu III
HMPV
what symptoms can indicate an infant has bronchiolits
nasal stuffiness
tachypnoea
poor feeding
crackles and bit of wheeze
can bronchiolits reoccur
no usually a one off infection in children under 1 year old
what is the treatment for bronchiolitis
maximal observation
minimal intervention
if a child that has bronchiolitis does need to stay in hospital what treatment would be given
hydration
oxygenation
nutrition
what is the management of pneumonia if symptoms are mild
nothing just review if things get worse
if pneumonia is more severe than a mild case what would be the first line of treatment to try
oral Amoxycillin
if oral Amoxycillin has been tried as a first line treatment for pneumonia what could be used as a second choice
Macrolide
