clinical features of lung cancer and staging

Question 1

what is a chondroma

Answer 1

benign cartilaginous tumor

Question 2

what is a hamartoma

Answer 2

benign malformation that resembles a neoplasm. composed of tissue normally found at site of origin but growing in a disorganized mass

Question 3

what is a pulmonary sequestration

Answer 3

an accessory lung

Question 4

what is dysphagia

Answer 4

having difficulty swallowing

Question 5

what is paraesthesia

Answer 5

abnormal sensation (pins and needles) caused by pressure or damage to the peripheral nerves

Question 6

what is ataxia

Answer 6

loss of control of bodily movements

Question 7

define the term paraneoplastic

Answer 7

rare disorders triggered by an altered immune response to a neoplasm

Question 8

what is hyponatraemia

Answer 8

level of sodium in the blood is abnormally low

Question 9

what is Dermatomyositis/Polymyositis

Answer 9

proximal muscle weakness, caused by the immune system mistakenly attacking the muscles

Question 10

what does sensonimotor neuropathy mean

Answer 10

decreased ability to move or feel due to nerve damage

Question 11

what is a pancoast tumor

Answer 11

type of lung cancer with the tumor forming at the top of the lung

Question 12

finger clubbing can be a clinical sign of lung cancer true or false

Answer 12

true

Question 13

what are the tumor sub types of Non-small cell lung cancer

Answer 13

squamous cell
large cell
adenocarcinoma

Question 14

what is the most common type of lung cancer

Answer 14

adenocarcinoma and then squamous cell

Question 15

what does performance status 1 mean

Answer 15

symptoms but can do light work

Question 16

what does performance status 2 mean

Answer 16

up and about but unable to work

Question 17

what does performance status 3 mean

Answer 17

limited to self care

Question 18

what does performance status 4 mean

Answer 18

bed or chair bound

Question 19

what are common clinical features of lung cancer

Answer 19

haemoptysis 
weight loss 
poor appetite
increasing breathless
chronic cough
chest pain

Question 20

hoarseness is often caused involvement of which nerve

Answer 20

the recurrent laryngeal

Question 21

what is pancoasts syndrome

Answer 21

wasting of the small muscles in the hand, this can be a sign of lung cancer

Question 22

what does HPOA stand for

Answer 22

hypertrophic pulmonary oesteoarthopathy

Question 23

what is HPOA

Answer 23

swelling of bones and joints in the wrists and ankles usually presents with finger clubbing

Question 24

Eaton-Lambert syndrome can be a sin of lung cancer, what is this

Answer 24

a disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues resulting in upper limb weakness

Question 25

what imaging would be used in investigating lung cancer

Answer 25

``` CXR CT thorax/ upper abdomen PET scan isotope bone scan head CT- if signs and symptoms suggest brain metastases ```

Question 26

if a metastasis is causing spinal cord compression what may the symptoms be

Answer 26

limb weakness paraesthesia bladder/bowel dysfunction

Question 27

if there is a cerebral metastasis what may the symptoms be

Answer 27

headache vomiting dizzy ataxia

Question 28

what are paroneoplastic symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 28

dermatomyositis/polymyositis eaton-lambert syndrome hypercalcaemia cerebellar ataxia

Question 29

what does lymphadenopathy mean

Answer 29

if there are lymph nodes that are enlarged due to disease