Asthma management in Children Flashcards
what are the goals of asthma treatment
minimal symptoms
no limitation of physical activity
normal lung function
minimal need for reliever medication
what mnemonic can be used to measure a patients asthma control
SANE
what does the SANE mnemonic stand for
short acting B agonist
absence school/nursery
nocturnal symptoms
exertional symptoms
what is the function of short acting beta agonists
relax airway muscles
what is the function of inhaled corticosteroids
treat inflammation in the airways
what are leukotriene receptor antagonists
oraal medication that is non steriodal. Work by blocking a chemical reaction that can lead to inflammation in the airways
what is the function of theophylline
smooth muscle relaxation
suppression of the response of the airway to stimuli
should you prescribe oral steroids for asthma
when suitable but only prescribe by a specialist as these drugs are very powerful and have side effects
what can be a side effect of ICS use
small reduction in height 1 cm
what medication is a general starting point in asthma treatment
ICS
when should a child started om asthma treatment be reviewed
after 3 months
what is the difference in medication to treat childrens and adults asthma
in children max dose ICS 800mg
no oral B2 agonist
LTRA first line preventer in under 5s
describe step 1 in child asthma treatment
Short acting beta agonists
Inhaled (not oral)
Spacer/MDI or Dry Powder Inhaler
describe step 2 in child asthma treatment
Start low dose inhaled corticosteroids (or LTRA in
when would you move a child from step 1 asthma treatment to step 2
using inhaled B2 agonist 3 times a week or more
symptomatic 3 times a week or more
what is step 3 of asthma treatment in children
add inhaled LABA
assess control of asthma
in step 3 treatment what should be done if the child benefits from the LABA but control still inadequate
continue on dose of LABA
increase ICS dose to 800mg
(if control still inadequate step4)
in step 3 treatment of children with asthma what should be done if the child does not respond to LABA
stop LABA
increase ICS
if still inadequate trial of add on therapy (then go to stage 4)
what is stage 4 treatment of asthma in under 5s
refer for confirmation of diagnosis
what is stage 4 treatment of asthma in over 5s
increase ICS dose
if stage 4 treatment has not worked for a child with asthma what would you do next
refer
what are some adverse effects of ICS
height suppression - little
oral candidiasis
Adrenocortical suppresion
what are some POSSIBLE side effects of taking ICS
hypertension
cataracts
if administering LABA what is important to include with it
ICS
