Radiation Safety Flashcards
1
Q
IRR 2017 for Employee and people
IRMER 2017 Patient
A
- Effective dose
- Absorbed dose
- Equivalent dose
- Unit - Sievert (Sv)
2
Q
Absorbed dose
A
- Amount of energy deposited by radiation in mass . Mass can be anything or people
- Unit miligrays (mGy)
3
Q
Equivalent dose
A
- For individual organ dose
- adjusted to account of effectiveness and type of radiation
- Unit mSv millisieverts
4
Q
Effective dose
A
- Calculated for whole body
- adjusted to account for sensibility of organ to radiation
- Unit mSv (Sievert standard international unit.
5
Q
Risks of radiation
A
- Unnecessary radiation from diagnostic radiographs causes 100-250 UK cancer fatalities.
- 25% of xray examination are Dental
6
Q
Medical problem - Direct effects
A
- Decrease and abnormal mitosis, degeneration and death of cells
7
Q
Indirect effects
A
- change in tissue due to damage to blood supply (Endarteritis)
8
Q
Constitutional effects
A
- Malaise
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Low Bp
- Peripheral vascular failure (radiation shock)
9
Q
Neoplastic change
A
- Skin
- Bone sarcomas
- Leukaemia
10
Q
Genetic effect
A
- Effect shown in offspring of recipient
11
Q
Doses from dental radiographs are low which our:
A
- PA / Bitewing - <10 uSv
- Anterior maxillary occlusal - 8 uSv
- Panoramic - <30 uSv
- Cephalometric- <10uSv
12
Q
Reducing dose - ALARP
A
- Principal as low as reasonable practicable
- No Radiographs taken until clinical justified and benefit to pt
- Collimation of xray beam
- Filtration of beam
- Rare. Earth metal intensifying screens
- Voltage 60-70 kV for dental equipment
- Fast film used. F speed
- very short exposure
- Incorporate warning signals
-quality control undertaken
13
Q
Orthodontic imaging
A
- Commonly DPT
- Nasal occlusal
- Lateral Cephlometric
- Use CBCT for dental imaging continue
- CBCT doses are lower than CT but higher than dental radiograph technique
