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Orthodontics > Anchorage > Flashcards

Anchorage Flashcards

1
Q

Define Anchorage?

A
  • Resistance to unwanted tooth movement
  • Resistance of forces generated in reaction to the active component of appliance
  • Newton’s Third law of motion - Every action there is an equal and opposites
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2
Q

Principle of Anchorage

A

1-Differential force theory - Rate of tooth movement is related to force per unit root surface area.

2-Increased roots of tooth increased resistance to tooth movements increased Anchorage value.

3- no relation to surface of tooth.

4- Not linear relationship b/w surface area and tooth movement therefore factor involved - PDL.

5- Large individual variation in rate of tooth movement for particular force applied.

6- Optimal level exists after which if you increase the force there is no increase tooth movement only increase strain on anchor units.

7- Increase number of tooth in anchor unit to increase surface area.

8- Increased anchorage value by restricting anchor teeth to bodily movement.

9- Can view anchorage in terms of space management- Maximise wanted tooth movement and minimise unwanted tooth movement.

10- always consider 3 dimension: AP , lateral , vertical

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3
Q

Loss of Anchorage

A
  • Unwanted tooth movement and space loss.

E.g . Mesial movement of Upper first Permanent molar during premolar extraction space closure

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4
Q

Anchorage loss and Anchorage Burn

A
  • Anchorage loss - Unintentional movement of anchor unit
  • Anchorage burn - intentional movement of anchor unit
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5
Q

Space management.

A
  • Maximise wanted tooth movement
  • minimise unwanted tooth movement
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6
Q

Types of Anchorage

Intra oral

A
  • Simple Anchorage
  • Compound Anchorage
  • Stationary anchorage
  • Reciprocal anchorage
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7
Q

Simple Anchorage

A
  • 1 tooth against another 1-1
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8
Q

Compound anchorage

A
  • More than 1 tooth in anchor unit

1- Intra maxillary - same arch.-bonding 7s’
2- Inter maxillary- Opposite arches ( class 2-3 elastics traction )

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9
Q

Reciprocal anchorage

A
  • Equal tooth movement towards each other.
  • e.g powerchain to close midline diastema
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10
Q

Stationary Anchorage

A
  • Resistance to bodily movement
  • force tends to displace Anchorage unit bodily in the plane of space in which force is being applied

-e.g Tads

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11
Q

soft tissue / Bone

A
  • Soft tissue - lip bumper
    -Bone - Nance button , palatal vault in URA.
    -
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12
Q

Why mandibular teeth have greater anchorage value than maxillary teeth?

A
  • Cortical plates provide increased resistance of tooth movement than cancellous bone.
  • Mandibular teeth have greater anchorage value than maxilla teeth.
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13
Q

Extra oral Anchorage

A
  • Anchorage from cranial vault/ basal bones
  • Protraction headgear ( reverse headgear)
  • Extra oral anchorage
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14
Q

How can you increase Anchorage?

A
  • Band all molars
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15
Q

Factor affecting anchorage

A
  • Type of tooth movement
  • Root surface area
  • Sk pattern
  • Occlusal interdigitation
  • Tendency for tooth movement in the arch.
    Maxillary teeth have greater tendency for mesial drift.
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16
Q

Reinforcement of Anchorage?
Mechanism

A
  • Increase the number to teeth in anchor unit
  • Making movement of anchor teeth more difficult.
  • Intermaxillary traction
  • Extractions, Extraction pattern
  • Implants.
17
Q

Anchorage reinforcement
Choice of appliances

A
  • Removable appliances- Mucosa and underlying bone , Nance button
  • Fixed appliance : Lower friction system
18
Q

Supplement Anchorage?

A
  • Xtn decision
  • Bond/ band 2nd molar to increase anchorage unit
  • Extra oral anchorage
  • Lingual arch
  • Tanspalatal arch / nance button
  • inter maxillary elastics
  • Fixed with less friction.
  • Implants - Tads/ mini screw
19
Q

What happen when nance wedge in?

A

-Loss of Anchorage

20
Q

Why do we use TPA for anchorage

A
  • Use to stop forward movement for 6’s
21
Q

TAD - Temporary anchorage device

A
  • Important factors with implants
  • Quick and easy to insert without damage to adjacent teeth
  • Convenient for application of orthodontic forces
  • Immediate loading
  • Easily removed
  • No patient discomfort at insertion or removal
22
Q

How can we reduce anchorage strain?

A
  • Tip teeth rather than bodily movement
  • light force
  • low friction - self ligating bracket
  • Seperate retraction of individual tooth
  • push rather than pull e.g canine retractions
  • correct centrelines one tooth at time
23
Q

Assessment of Anchorage need?

Tooth movement required

A
  • Space required to complete alignment; how much anchor units be allowed to move.
  • Bodily or tipping . Increased for bodily movement decreased for tipping movement.
  • Angulation of teeth . Increased anchorage required for mseially inclined canine less than upright or distal inclined canine.
  • Inclination of teeth - Increased anchorage required for proclined incisors less than Retroclined incisors
24
Q

What are sources of anchorage ?

A
  • teeth
  • implant
  • bone
  • extra oral
25
Q

Source of skeletal anchorage devices?

A
  • orthodontic Implants
  • palatal implants or onplant
  • Zygoma ligature
  • mimi plates
  • mini screws
26
Q

AP anchorage

A
  • Extraction choice
27
Q

What are indication of sufficient anchorage?

A
  • Do you have enough space to move teeth
  • normal Overjet
  • planned Molar relationship
28
Q

Mandible teeth has greater Anchorage value than maxillary teeth? Why?

A
  • Cortical plates (mandible) provide greater resistance to tooth movement than Cancellous bone (maxilla).
29
Q

Anchorage creation

A
  • Distal movement of upper buccal segment with extra oral headgear e.g Nudger appliance
  • Implants and distalisation.
  • fixed molar correctors e.g pendulum appliance (tends to Procline upper incisors)
  • lip bumper to distalise lower molar (tends to Procline LLS).
  • Xtn pattern / functional appliance - alter anchorage balance
30
Q

How can you tell you have sufficient Anchorage?

A
  • Do you have enough space ?
  • To move teeth so they are straight.
  • Have a normal Overjet between 2-4 mm.
  • Planned molar relationship.

Then yes you have sufficient Anchorage

Orthodontics (53 decks)

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