RAAS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

3 major components:
1_ Macula Densa (DCT) blood comes through the afferent arteriole and coming out of the page is the DCT, detects the Na+ concentration. If the Na is low, low blood volume, then increase blood volume.

2_ JG Cells primary cells, release renin (granular cells)

3_ Mesangium cells:

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2
Q

What is the function of Renin?

A

Renin works on Angiontensinogen. ACE and stimulates SNS through B1 receptors
Angiotensin I converted to AT II (by ACE) in the lungs

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3
Q

Where would you find higher levels of ATII, in the pulmonary artery or pulmonary vein?

A

Pulmonary Vein.
Pulmonary artery = deoxygenated and therefore blood bringing ATI in.

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4
Q

What are the effects of ATII?

A

1) Increase in vasoconstriction, increase in DBP- at the levels of arterioles.
2) Increase in NE release and availability (B1 effects, stimulate JGA, alpha 1- vasoconstriction)
increase sodium reabsorption and blood volume (increase preload). Na gets reabsorbed into the blood from the tubular fluid, at the expense of K+ (K+ gets kicked out into the tubular fluid)
3) stimulates aldosterone release from zona glomerulosa (adrenal gland: GFR salt, sugar, sex hormones)
4) stimulates vasopressin (ADH) from posterior pituitary
5) constrict the efferent arteriole, less flow out- Increase the GFR, increase the amount of Na, and decrease the RAAS

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5
Q

What happens if you increase the radius of the afferent arteriole?

A

increase GFR, increase in NA, decrease RAAS

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6
Q

What happens if you decrease the radius of the AA?

A

Decrease GFR, decrease Na, increase RAAS

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7
Q

If creatinine is filtered at glomerulus- and GFR is low- then what happens to the creatinine concentration?

A

Decrease GFR, increase in Creatinine.

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8
Q

What dilates the afferent arteriole?

A

prostoglandins

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9
Q

What is the effect of NSAIDS on AA?

A

decrease the radius of AA, and therefore decrease GFR

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10
Q

What are the natiruetic peptides and their function?

A

ANP, BNP = decrease blood pressure. decrease preload- increase vasodilation (increase cgmp) and increase diuresis, decrease TPR

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11
Q

stimulus for natriuretic peptides

A

increase in atrial ventricular pressures

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12
Q

moa of ace inhibitors

A

inhibition of ACE, increase angiotensin I and renin, decrease angiotensin II

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13
Q

moa of ARBs (sartans)

A

receptor blockade of angiotensin II type I receptor

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14
Q

ATII level with ACE inhibitors

A

low

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15
Q

ATII levels with ARBS

A

normal/high

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16
Q

moa of direct renin inhibitors

A

inhibition of conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

17
Q

ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and direct renin inhibitors are contraindicated in ______________

A

pregnancy

18
Q
A