cardiomyopathy

Question 1

What are the different types of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 1

3) Major: dilated: systolic- Dilated, Restricted, HOCM, viral myocarditis, chagas, takosubo, amyloid,

Question 2

Systolic HF is associated with what?

Answer 2

dilated cardiomyopathy not diastolic

Question 3

restrictive cardiomyopathy associated with what type of heart failure?

Answer 3

diastolic HF

Question 4

_____ is a cause of left hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

chronic hypertension

Question 5

Dilated cardiomyopathy how do you add sarcomeres?

Answer 5

eccentric hypertrophy

Question 6

What are the associations with dilated cardiomyopathy? (volume preload increase)- CAUSES

Answer 6

viral myocarditis, chagas disease, takotsubo, pregnancy, excess alcohol use

Question 7

increased LV mass, decreased LV cavity, decreased LV relaxation- associated with what?

Answer 7

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 8

What is the cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 8

pressure overload conditions.
prolonged HTN, aortic stenosis.

Infiltrative disorders:
amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, radiation induced

Question 9

diastolic heart failure and primary resstrictive cardiomyopathies present with ______ ventricular compliance

Answer 9

reduced ventricular compliance

Question 10

What is the patho behind HOCM?

Answer 10

B myosin heavy chain defect and myosin binding protien C (sarcomere protien) defect. Autosomal dominant condition + dynamic LV outflow tract obstruction = (septal thickness)

Question 11

Histopathology of HOCM

Answer 11

myofibrillary disarray and intersitial fibrosis

Question 12

What happens to the LV mass, LV cavity, and LV relaxation

Answer 12

presents similarly to restrictive cardiomyopathy

adding protiens (concentric hypertrophy)–increased LV mass,

Derease the LV cavity

Decrease LV relaxation

Question 13

How does the murmur differ of HOCM between aortic stenosis? as both are cresendo decresendo murmurs

Answer 13

HOCM- cresendo decresendo murmur at Left lower sternal border

OR

Holosystolic murmur at apex

these murmurs will get louder with increased preload and afterload

aortic stenosis murmur will increase with valsalva and increase with passive leg

hocm murmur: increase valsalva and decrease with passive leg raise

Question 14

Management of HOCM

Answer 14

B Blockers- decrease HR, decrease contractility

Question 15

What are the viruses that can cause viral myocarditis?

Answer 15

coxsackie,
adenovirus
influenza

Question 16

histopathology of viral myocarditis

Answer 16

inflammatory myocarditis look at the blue

Question 17

viral myocarditis is termed as what type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 17

dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 18

direct parasite- which type of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 18

chagas disease. (central and south america)

Question 19

histopathology of chagas disease

Answer 19

protozoa peripheral to myocytes with inflammatory infiltration

Question 20

chagas disease- what type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 20

dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 21

non cardiac features of chagas disease

Answer 21

megaesophagus
megacolon

Question 22

localized apical wall thinning in chagas disease increases the risk of what

Answer 22

emboli (wall thinning- becomes weak) so you are at higher risk of rupture/thrombus

Question 23

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy- what type of patient

Answer 23

death of a loved one
postmenopausal female.

Question 24

patho of takotsubo cardiomyopathy/what type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 24

catecholamine surge- impaired kinetic activity of the left ventricle. assn with dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 25

amyloid cardiomyopathy is associated with ___ pathology

Answer 25

increased extracellular deposition of amloidogenic proteins (transthyretin, light chain)

Question 26

pink amorphous material surrounding cardiomyocytes + apple green birefringence: what cardiomyopathy

Answer 26

amyloid cardiomyopathy

Question 27

Differential for sudden cardiac death

Answer 27

HOCM,
Brugada
Long QT