Cyanotic heart defect

Question 1

What are the cyanotic heart defects

Answer 1

tertraology of fallot
transposition of great vessels
persistent truncus arteriosus
tricuspid atresia
total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Question 2

What is the physiology of the cyanotic defects:

Answer 2

right to left shunting

Question 3

Explain the tetraology of fallot (4)

Answer 3

1. pulmonic stenosis
2. overriding aorta
3. VSD
4. RV hypertrophy

Question 4

symptoms of tetraology of fallot

Answer 4

tet spells
harsh systolic ejection murmur, LUSB
left upper sternal border! (upper, think pulmonic)

Question 5

xray findings for tetraology of fallot

Answer 5

boot shaped heart

Question 6

associations of tetraology of fallot (risk factors)

Answer 6

digeorge, down syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 7

compensation for tet spells

Answer 7

knee to chest (squatting)

Question 8

pathophysiology of transposition of great vessels

Answer 8

failed spiraling of aorticopulmonary septum: reversal of pulmonary artery and aorta: two parallel circuits: RV-> aorta and LV- PA

Question 9

Chest xray on T of Great Vessels findings

Answer 9

egg on a string.

Question 10

management of T o Great Vessels

Answer 10

PGE1->surgery

Question 11

Transposition of great vessels is associated with condition

Answer 11

maternal diabetes

Question 12

persistent trucus arteriosus- pathophysiology

Answer 12

partial incomplete aorticopulmonary septum formation, failure of neural crest cell migration: mixing of all oxygenated and deoxygenated blood at the ventricles and VSD.

Question 13

Which heart conditions are associated with DiGeorge

Answer 13

Tetraology of Fallot
Persistent Trucus Arteriosus

Question 14

What is tricuspid atresia

Answer 14

absent tricuspid valve

Question 15

explain the pathophysiology of tricuspid atresia

Answer 15

because theres no tricuspid valve, it becomes a massive atria (RV hypoplasia) and this is known as right atrialization

Question 16

RV atrialization is what

Answer 16

RV hypoplasia: associated with tricuspid atresia

Question 17

ebstein anomaly- lithium exposure is associated with what?

Answer 17

tricuspid atresia

Question 18

Ebstein anomaly is associate with arrhythmia

Answer 18

wolf parkinson white

Question 19

what it total anamalous pulmonary venous return?

Answer 19

pulmonary veins draining into the wrong spot- putting it into the right atrium. they will benefit a shunt (ASD)

Question 20

What is the xray finding for TAPVR?

Answer 20

snowman sign

Question 21

what is the presentation of total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Answer 21

increase in pulmonary pressures
–>pulmonary hypertension