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Cardiobootcamp > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five structures off the primitive heart tube?

A

Truncus Arteriosis
Bulbus Cordis
Primitive Atria
Primitive Ventricle

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2
Q

What does the truncus arteriosis give rise to?

A

Pulmonary Trunk and Ascending Aorta

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3
Q

What structure does the bulbus cordis give rise to?

A

Smooth parts of the right and left ventricle

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4
Q

What structure comes from primitive ventricles?

A

Trabelcuated part of the respective atria/ventricle

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5
Q

What does the umbilical vein give rise to?

A

Round ligament of liver

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6
Q

What structure does the sinus venuosus give rise to?

A

Coronary sinus

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7
Q

What structure goes the endocardial cushion give rise to?

A

valves and membranous portion to ventricular septum (membranous portion is the most common site for VSD)

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8
Q

Common cardinal veins gives rise to which structure?

A

Superior Vena Cava

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9
Q

What’s the mechanism of formation of truncus arteriosis?

A

neural crest migration- aortopulmonary septum and undergo a spiral formation

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10
Q

What are the two problems of truncus arteriosis?

A

Persistent Truncus Arteriosis (septum doesnt separate)
Transposition of Great Vessels (no spiral formation)

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11
Q

Persistent Truncus Arteriosis (septum doesnt separate) associated with which disease?

A

DiGeorge Syndrome
Tetraology of Fallot

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12
Q

What is Transposition Of great vessels?

A

Pulmonary Artery- Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle- Aorta

How do they survive? need a shunt.

Associated with mothers with gestational diabetes

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13
Q

Atrial Septation process (3 steps)

A

Septum Primum forms
Foramen Secundum (ostium secundum)
Septum Secundum (comes from superior and inferior)
Blood moving in utero: R->L: patent formaen ovale.

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14
Q

When the baby starts breathing what happens to pulmonary vascular resistance? (compared to utero)

A

Decreased pulmonary vascular resistance

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15
Q

Intermittent increases in RA pressure will ____ the PFO?

A

Open the PFO

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16
Q

Intermittent increases in the LA pressure will ____ the PFO?

A

Close the PFO

17
Q

What’s the mechanism of the PFO?

A

abnormal, incomplete joining of the septum primum and the septum secundum.

18
Q

PFO signs

A

paradoxical emboli, asymptomatic

19
Q

What’s the difference between atrial septal defect and PFO? How can you tell the difference between the two?

A

PFO- open the flap, atrial septal defect: persistent shunt. ASD classically associated with wide fixed split S2. (Both will lead to paradoxical emboli)

20
Q

Name the aortic arch derivatives:

1
2
4- left
6- left

A

First Arch: Maxillary Artery

Second Arch: Hyoid Stapedial.

Left 4th Arch: Aortic Arch

Left 6th: Ductus Arteriosus

Cardiobootcamp (28 decks)

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