Blocks Flashcards
What are the different types of blocks?
AV blocks and Bundle Branch Blocks
What are the different types of AV blocks?
First degree
Second Degree (I) (II)
Third Degree
What is the first degree AV block
p wave- gets to QRS (PR longer)
>5 boxes. difficult to get signal through AV node. no dropped QRS
How do you treat first degree block
conservative
What is the second degree block type I vs type II
Type I: progressive lengthening of PR until QRS is dropped. (conservative)
Type II: no PR lengthening/ dropped QRS. medium to high risk block (Calcium Channel Blockers/ B blockers)
What are the AV nodal blocking agents?
Calcium channel blockers
B blockers
Adenosine
Digoxin
What is the third degree block?
complete AV dissociation (atria and ventricles)
High yield causes of AV blocks?
Ischemic heart disease
Hyperkalemia
Lyme Disease
Endocarditis/ARF
What is a junctional escape rhythm?
when SA node activity and AV node activity are dissociated (third-degree AV block); as a result, the AV node becomes the primary pacemaker for ventricular contraction (it “escapes” the faster rhythm set by the SA node)
What is the difference between AV block and sick sinus syndrome
both of them will be bradycardic. Sick Sinus Syndrome- delayed p wave. sinus arrest.
p-p intervals
What is the right bundle branch block?
Rabbit rules : 2 deflections. M shape
focus on Lead 1 and Lead 6
What are the causes of right bundle branch block?
PE, right heart strain, ischemic heart disease
What is the left bundle branch block?
deep s wave
notching in V6 R waves
What are the causes of left bundle branch block?
AS, AR, lyme disease, dialted cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease
What is brugada syndrome?
Brugada syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition that results from a sodium channelopathy of non-pacemaker cells. On EKG, Brugada syndrome can present similar to an RBBB and is recognized as a “pseudo-RBBB”.
