Cardiac Parameters Flashcards
End Diastolic Volume is equal to
Preload
SV formula
EDV-EST
Ejection fraction formula
SV/EDV
Normal ejection fraction value
50%
What is the relationship with contractility and end systolic volume?
More contractility will push more blood out of the heart and therefore less blood at the end of systole in the heart. Therefore, less end systolic volume.
What happens when you administer to nitrate, will you have more blood coming to the heart or less?
Less blood coming to the heart. venous side is like a fridge, venous side increases compliance and decreases the preload.
afterload is synonymous with?
TPR, SVR
Total peripheral resistance is dictated by what?
Arterioles
What is the connection between TPR and DBP?
When TPR goes up, DBP goes up
What is the relationship between increased TPR and ESV, and SV?
ESV increases, because there’s more resistance and therefore the heart cant pump everything out so the end systolic volume will increase. SV will decrease because the heart doesn’t push the volume out of the heart (SV= EDV-ESV)
Hydralazine is an arterial dilator- what is the effect
lowers TPR
What increases contractility of the heart?
Sympathetic Response
What is the relationship between contractility and End systolic volume?
Increase in contractility pushing more blood out of the heart, and therefore decreases end systolic volume and increases the stroke volume
Which is the most susceptible to ischemia? (heart)
subendocardium
What’s the relationship between increased heart rate and cardiac output?
less time spent in diastole (not enough time to fill the heart)
Coronary perfusion occurs in which part of the cycle
diastole
What is the volume for cardiac output?
HR X SV= CO
What’s the relationship between EDV and preload? (on myocyte)
increase in myocyte and sacromere length
What is the relationship between increased preload and contractility?
Increased preload leads to increased contractility
What is the relationship between cardiac output and arteriovenous difference?
increased arteriovenous difference, and decreases the cardiac output
What is the mean arterial pressure?
average blood pressure in one complete cardiac cycle
What are the formulas for Mean arterial pressure?
What is the relationship between pulse pressure and stroke volume?
Increased pulse pressure= increased stroke volume
What is the pulse pressure?
Systolic Pressure- diastolic pressure
Etiology of narrow pulse pressure
cardiac tamponade
Wide pulse pressure etiology
aortic regurgitation
Most organs of the body get supplied during which part of the cardiac cycle?
systole
What happens to coronary artery in the heart when exercising?
coronary vasodilation (nitric oxide, adenosine local mediators)
Coronary sinus is what?
coronary veins- contains deoxygenated blood that will drain into right atrium
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is synonymous with pressure of which heart chamber?
left atrium
