heart defects acyanotic Flashcards
What does acynaotic heart defect mean?
left side of heart to right side of the heart.
What does cyanotic defect mean?
right side of the heart blood moving to left side
Whats the main difference in terms of presentation for acyanotic vs cyanotic?
Acyanotic: present later in life.
Cyanotic: presents shortly after birth
What are the acyanotic shunts?
ASD, VSD, PDA
What is the best confirmatory test for acyanotic heart disease
echocardiography
What is the confirmatory study for R->L shunts (atrial shunt)
bubble study
overall congenital defect Most common
ventricular septal defect
pathophysiology of ventricular septal defect
left ventricle shunting into right (RV volume overload)
Where does the VSD occur?
membranous part of the ventricular septum
What are complications of ventricular septal defect?
rv dilated cardiac myopathy (bc right ventricle is overflowing with blood), pulmonary hypertension (b/c blood going to lungs)
How do you tell the difference between VSD and Mitral Regurg as they are both holosystolic murmurs?
Based on the locations.
VSD: Left Lower Sternal Border
Mitral Regurg: Apex
Increase the afterload- what happens to the murmur of mitral regurg and VSD
increase in intensity
What is the relationship between murmur intensity and severity/size?
decreased intensity, it its bigger in size
Which condition is associated with ASD and VSD?
Down Syndrome 21
Atrial Septal Defect means what
defect in atria, left to right shunting, increase in RAP
How does the ASD present
wide fixed split A2. paradoxical embolism and cryptogenic stroke.
patent foramen ovale pathogenesis
impaired fusion of septum primp and septum secundum
what is the complication of PFO
paradoxical embolism
patent ductus arteriosus- pathogenesis
impaired closure of ductus arteriosus
left to right shunting from aorta to pulmonary vessels
continuous machine like murmur, left infraclavicular, wide pulse presure- what type of murmur
patent ductus arteriosus
which medication to use close PDA?
indomethacin
What is the condition for PDA?
prematurity, rubella, fetal alcohol syndrome,
Eisenmenger Syndrome
reversal of a Left to right shunt that becomes right to left
How do you tell the difference between PDA and Coarctation of aorta since they both present with differential cyanosis
PDA: normal BP, pulse LE
Coarctation: decreased BP lower extremity, pulses lower extremity
