Quiz 5 Flashcards
Choose the TRUE statement regarding the pathophysiology of cor pulmonale.
Question 1 Answer
a.
It tends to be caused by selective fibrosis and atrophy of the wall of the right ventricle (more so than the left).
b.
It can be caused by vasoconstriction in the pulmonary arterial system, which is often a result of hypoxia caused by parenchymal lung disease.
c.
It is usually caused by an isolated infarct or multiple microinfarcts that affect the right marginal or right circumflex coronary arteries.
d.
It tends to be caused by widespread vasoconstriction in the systemic arterial system, which increases the afterload in both ventricles.
b.
It can be caused by vasoconstriction in the pulmonary arterial system, which is often a result of hypoxia caused by parenchymal lung disease.
Community-acquired pneumonia can be categorized as “typical” or “atypical” in terms of clinical presentation. Which of the following microbes is the most likely to cause an atypical pneumonia?
Question 2 Answer
a.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
b.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
c.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
d.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
b.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Choose the microbe that is the most frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
Question 3 Answer
a.
Staphylococcus aureus
b.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
d.
Haemophilus influenza
c.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which of the following microbes is more likely to be associated with pneumonia in patients that have been intubated?
Question 4 Answer
a.
Streptococcus pyogenes
b.
Streptococcus viridans
c.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
d.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
d.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which of the following is a virulence factor that helps Strep. pneumoniae invade the respiratory tract?
Question 5 Answer
a.
A cell surface protein that inhibits the activity of multiple dectin receptors (a type of lectin receptor)
b.
A protease that degrades IgA
c.
A cell surface protein that inhibits the activity of multiple toll-like receptors (TLRs)
d.
A cell wall that prevents binding of antibodies
b.
A protease that degrades IgA
Which of the following situations involving pathological coagulation is the most likely to lead to a pulmonary embolus?
Question 6 Answer
a.
A clot forms in the deep veins of the legs - it breaks off and migrates further along the venous system.
b.
A clot forms in the large pulmonary veins - it detaches and migrates towards the heart.
c.
A clot forms in the left atrium due to the presence of atrial fibrillation - it detaches and moves into the left ventricle.
d.
A clot forms over an ulcerated atherosclerotic plaque in the abdominal aorta - it breaks off and migrates further along the arterial system.
a.
A clot forms in the deep veins of the legs - it breaks off and migrates further along the venous system.
What is the single most important predictor of a cancer prognosis?
Question 7 Answer
a.
Location of the tumour within the lung parenchyma
b.
Stage of the tumour
c.
Histologic type of the tumour
d.
Exposure that caused the tumour
b.
Stage of the tumour
What is a common symptom of a distant metastases causing a spinal cord impingement ?
Question 8 Answer
a.
Weight Loss
b.
Nausea
c.
Jaundice
d.
Constipation
d.
Constipation
A patient with a 30-pack-year history of smoking presents with progressively worsening cough and fatigue over the past year. A CT scan reveals a 4.5 cm tumour in the upper lobe of the right lung with lymph node involvement along the right side of the trachea. An abdominal CT reveals a single small (1 cm) liver metastasis. What stage is this patient’s cancer?
Question 9 Answer
a.
Stage I
b.
Stage II
c.
Stage III
d.
Stage IV
d.
Stage IV
Which of the following is the most strongly associated with the development of mesothelioma?
Question 10 Answer
a.
Silica exposure
b.
Anthracosis
c.
Radon gas
d.
Asbestos exposure
d.
Asbestos exposure
Exposure to which carcinogen is the most common occupational risk factor for lung cancer?
Question 11 Answer
a.
Asbestos
b.
Radon
c.
Silica dust
d.
Coal
a.
Asbestos
Which of the following signs or symptoms are most characteristic of Pancoast syndrome?
Question 12 Answer
a.
Ptosis
b.
Hypercalcemia
c.
Hoarseness
d.
Dysphagia
a.
Ptosis
