Quiz 4 Study Guide: Renal Flashcards
What are the symptoms of Urinary Obstruction?
Anuria
Polyuria
Bladder Distention
(Sometimes Asymptomatic)
Symptoms of Renal/Ureter stones
Renal Colic
Hematuria
Pyelonephritis
(Sometimes Asymptomatic)
What is Pyelonephritis?
Inflammation of Kidney tissue often caused by bacterial infection in or from the urinary tract.
- Retrograde spread from Cystitis
- Common with Urinary Obstruction, Stenosis
- Diabetes
What are consequences of Pyelonephritis?
Flank Pain
Fever
Kidney Scarring
Chronic Renal Failure in 10-20%
What are properties of Renal Cell Carcinomas?
80-90% of renal malignancies
More common in males > 40 Yrs, and Smokers
Analgesic Users (NSAIDS)
Obesity
What are symptoms of Renal Cell Carcinomas?
Often Asymptomatic Hematuria Dull Flank Pain Fever Fatigue
Where do Renal Cell Carcinomas likely metastasize?
The Lungs or Bones
What is Wilms Tumor?
Most common childhood (Congenital) renal tumor
- Most common in first 3 years.
The two infections of the Bladder…
Bacterial Cystitis
Urothelial Carcinomas
What are contributing factors to Bacterial Cystitis?
Stones
Catheters
Short Female Urethras
Obstructions
What are the features of Urothelial Carcinomas?
Most often in males > 50 years old
Associated with Smoking (Carcinogens)
MOST COMMON urothelial malignancy
Three diseases of the Prostate
Prostatitis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Serum PSA and Prostatic Adenocarcinoma
What are the features or Prostatitis?
Often caused by bacteria (Cystitis)
Causes enlarged and tender prostate (Obstruction)
Most common in older men
What are the features of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
Very common in older men (95% > 75 Years old)
Serious Sequelae less common
Cause not well known (maybe androgens or estrogens)
Urinary obstruction is common
What are the features of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma
The most common Malignancy in older men (other than skin cancers. (60% of men > 80 Years old)
Most often detected by rectal exams
Many are small and clinically irrelevant
*** can be deadly to some
