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Patho > Quiz 1b > Flashcards

Quiz 1b Flashcards

1
Q

Study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease

A

Pathology

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2
Q

Cause of the injury/disease

A

Etiology

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3
Q

Natural history and development of the disease

A

Pathogenesis

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4
Q

The manner in which the incorrect function is expressed

A

Pathophysiology

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5
Q

The structural abnormality produced by the injury

A

Lesion

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6
Q

The cause of the disease is unknown

A

Idiopathic

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7
Q

The disease is a byproduct of medical diagnosis or treatment

A

Iatrogenic

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8
Q

Study of the functional aspects of disease by lab study of tissue, blood, urine or other body fluids

A

Clinical pathology

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9
Q

Decrease of blood supply to a tissue

A

Ischemia

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10
Q

Local ischemia is caused by

A

A thrombus

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11
Q

Global ischemia is caused by

A

Low perfusion pressure

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12
Q

Arises rapidly, is accompanied by distinctive symptoms and lasts a short time

A

Acute disease

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13
Q

Usually begins slowly, with signs and symptoms that are difficult to interpret, persists for a long time

A

Chronic disease

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14
Q

Can chronic diseases be prevented by vaccines or cured by meds?

A

No

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15
Q

Complaints reported by the patient or by someone else on behalf of the pt and are part of MH

A

Symptoms

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16
Q

Direct observations by examiner

A

Signs

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17
Q

A collection of clinical signs, symptoms and data

A

Syndrome

18
Q

A syndrome may be caused by

A

Different diseases

19
Q

Sickness and health do not refer to

A

Symptoms, signs, labs, x rays or scientific studies

20
Q

Terms applied to observations - blood test, physical findings etc

A

Normal/abnormal

21
Q

Describe the results of measurement or observations used to determine whether disease is present

A

Normal/abnormal

22
Q

___________ are not perfect predictors of disease

A

Medical tests

23
Q

Tests are _______ if abnormal

A

Positive

24
Q

Planned cell death

A

Apoptosis

25
Q

Cell death caused by disease

A

Necrosis

26
Q

Mild injury or stress to cells induces cells to

A

Alter and adapt without dying

27
Q

______ influence how we react to injury

A

Genes

28
Q

Disease may result from injury itself OR

A

The repair process that follows

29
Q

7 effects of mild cell injury

A
  1. Hydropic change (swelling)
  2. Intracellular accumulations
  3. Atrophy
  4. Hypertrophy
  5. Hyperplasia
  6. Dysplasia - premalignant
  7. Metaplasia - reversible change of one cell type into another
30
Q

Most common type of necrosis

A

Coagulative

31
Q

A gel-like change in blocks of freshly dead cells mostly cause by ischemia

A

Coagulative necrosis

32
Q

Seen when entire limb loses blood supply

A

Gangrenous necrosis

33
Q

Dead tissue dissolves into fluid and pus appears

A

Liquefactive necrosis

34
Q

Seen in acute pancreatitis; see outlines of dead fat cells

A

Fat necrosis

35
Q

Caused by TB infection, tissue is off white, soft and clumpy

A

Caseous necrosis

36
Q

Seen in immune reactions in vessels - fibrin like substance deposited in vessel walls

A

Fibrinoid necrosis

37
Q

Defective biologic function

A

Disease

38
Q

2 most common causes of cell injury

A
  1. Hypoxia

2. Ischemia

39
Q

5 causes of cell atrophy

A
  1. Reduced fxnal demand
  2. Inadequate blood supply
  3. Lack of hormonal or neural support
  4. Chronic injury
  5. Aging
40
Q

6 types of necrosis and what conditions cause them

A

Caseous: TB
Coagulative: ischemia
Fibrinoid: immune reactions in vessels
Fat: acute pancreatitis
Gangrenous: entire limb losing blood supply
Liquefactive: bacterial/fungal infections

41
Q

Replacement of cells for different cells - reversible

A

Metaplasia

42
Q

Hinders cell maturation; increases the number of immature cells and decreases the amount of mature cells

A

Dysplasia

Patho (17 decks)

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