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Patho > MJ Hepatic Lecture > Flashcards

MJ Hepatic Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

what does albumin do?

A

helps fluid stay in vasculature

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2
Q

what important plasma protein does the liver produce?

A

albumin

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3
Q

why is the liver a primary organ for metastasis of intestinal cancer?

A

filters all blood from GI system

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4
Q

pancreas is a _______ and _______ gland

A

exocrine and endocrine

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5
Q

1º fxn of pancreas

A

exocrine secretion of digestive enzymes

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6
Q

pancreas’ endocrine fxn

A

secretion of glucagon and insulin

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7
Q

gallbladder is a reservoir for ______

A

bile

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8
Q

3 biggest concern symptoms for liver disease

A

confusion, edema, ascites

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9
Q

liver metabolizes and detoxifies _________

A

ammonia

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10
Q

________ crosses the blood-brain barrier

A

ammonia

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11
Q

what activities increase portal HTN?

A

eating and coughing

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12
Q

cornerstone of treatment for liver disease

A

rest

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13
Q

liver disease pts have decreased _______ abilities

A

clotting

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14
Q

tremor of hand when wrist is extended seen in liver disease

A

asterixis

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15
Q

liver ______ in size and weight with aging

A

decreases

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16
Q

what happens to blood flow in liver with aging?

A

diminished

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17
Q

6 liver disease complications

A
  1. jaundice
  2. cirrhosis
  3. portal HTN
  4. hepatic encephalopathy
  5. hepatorenal syndrome
  6. ascites
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18
Q

what is ascites?

A

accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity causing swelling of abdomen

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19
Q

final pathway of chronic, progressive inflammation of liver

A

cirrhosis

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20
Q

what is cirrhosis?

A

replacement of normal tissue w fibrotic tissue

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21
Q

2 most common causes of cirrhosis

A

alc abuse/HBV

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22
Q

pressure that indicates portal HTN

A

over 6 mmHg

23
Q

barriers to blood flow _______ portal HTN

A

increase

24
Q

varices

A

abnormal blood vessel

25
Q

portal HTN results in ______ in what two locations?

A

varices

rectum and gastroesophageal (most serious)

26
Q

when is portal pressure the highest?

A

at night and after a meal

27
Q

why can’t you lie a pt with ascites in supine?

A

won’t be able to breathe

28
Q

ascites is a result of ______

A

portal htn

29
Q

position that pt with ascites should be in

A

high fowler - head of bed raised 18-20 in

30
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of the liver caused by virus, chemical, drug rxn or alc abuse

A

hepatitis

31
Q

how many different types of hep?

A

6 - ABCDEG

32
Q

generic term for any rapidly progressing form of liver inflammation that results in hep encephalopathy within a few weeks of developing infection

A

fulminant hepatitis - F

33
Q

most cases of chronic hep are __________

A

asymptomatic

34
Q

what quadrant will hep pts have pain in?

A

upper R

35
Q

prognosis of hep depends on….

A

development of cirrhosis

36
Q

hep can _____ before symptoms appear

A

spread

37
Q

how is HAV transmitted?

A

oral-fecal route

38
Q

major outbreaks of HAV occur when?

A

when people consume contaminated water or food

39
Q

is HAV acute or chronic?

A

acute

40
Q

how to transmit HBV

A

needle stick or mucosal

41
Q

most common cause of chronic hep and liver CA

A

HBV

42
Q

major risk factor for liver CA

A

HCV

43
Q

how to transmit HCV

A

injection drug use

44
Q

HCV is often…

A

asymptomatic

45
Q

most common type of chronic hep

A

HCV

46
Q

you have to have ____ in order to have ____

A

B, D

47
Q

high incidence of HDV among these two groups

A

IVDA and sexually active people

48
Q

if you have HDV, you are more likely to develop….

A

HFV and chronic active hep/cirrhosis

49
Q

how to transmit HEV

A

contaminated water via oral-fecal route

50
Q

is HEV fatal?

A

na

51
Q

HEV occurs in __________

A

developing countries

52
Q

prevalent in african countries

A

HGV

53
Q

how is HGV transmitted?

A

injection, sexually

Patho (17 decks)

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