Pulmonary pt 2 Flashcards
term for HBP in pulmonary arteries
pulmonary hypertension
primary + secondary cause of pulm HTN
1º: narrowing of pulmonary arterioles bc of mucus hypertrophy
2º: increases in blood pressure or volume
pts with pulmonary hypertension usually need….
a transplant
term for R heart failure
cor pulmonale (pulmonary heart disease)
what is the cause of cor pulmonale?
enlargement of RV secondary to pulm HTN
inflammation of the pleura caused by infection, injury or tumor
pleurisy
wet vs dry pleurisy
wet: less likely to cause pain bc fluid increases
dry: causes pain due to rubbing of layers
collection of fluid in pleural space
pleural effusion
fluid that is pushed through the capillary due to high pressure in the capillary
transudate
fluid that leaks around the cells of the capillaries caused by inflammation
exudate
2 etiologies of pleural effusions
transudates and exudates
accumulation of air or gas in pleural cavity
pneumothorax
cause of pneumothorax
defect in visceral pleura
pneumothorax results in
collapsed lung
2 types of pneumothorax
- spontaneous
2. tension
the formation of small sacs of air (blebs) in lung tissue that rupture
spontaneous pneumothorax
develops when a lung or chest wall injury is such that it allows air into the pleural space but not out of it
tension pneumothorax
where is tracheobronchial pain referred?
sites in the neck and ant chest at the same level as irritation
what innervates the bronchi?
vagus nerve
finer bronchi and lung parenchyma are free of _________________
pain innervation
2 nerves that innervate diaphragm
phrenic and intercostals
where does diaphragm pleura pain get referred?
sharp pain to upper traps and shoulders
thoracic back pain occurs with irritation of the ________________-
posterior parietal pleura
where does lung cancer pain refer?
ant chest with referral to scap, upper back, shoulder, medial aspect of arm
