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Patho > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Primary organs of IS

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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2
Q

Secondary organ of IS

A

Peyers patches

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3
Q

Peyers patches make up how much of IS?

A

70%

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4
Q

Purpose of vaccine

A

Create immunological memory w/o actually having the disease

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5
Q

When is the innate IS activated?

A

When surface barriers are breached

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6
Q

Innate response initiates and triggers….

A

Acquired response

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7
Q

Which is faster: innate or acquired?

A

Innate

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8
Q

Most important cell in adaptive response

A

Lymphocytes

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9
Q

Adaptive response _______ the innate response

A

Facilitates

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10
Q

Active vs passive immunity

A

Active - produced by administered foreign antigens

Passive - produced by administered antibodies

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11
Q

Which is permanent: active or passive immunity?

A

Active

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12
Q

Two types of active immunity

A

Natural - enviro exposure

Artificial - vaccine

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13
Q

Two types of passive immunity

A

Natural - breast milk

Artificial - injection of antibody

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14
Q

Humoral immunity deals with infectious agents in…

A

Blood and body tissues

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15
Q

Cell mediated immunity deals with __________ that have been infected

A

Body cells

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16
Q

What mediates innate, humoral, cell mediated?

A

Exterior defenses
Antibodies
T-lymphocytes

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17
Q

T cell –> regulator t cells –>

A

Helper T + suppressor T

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18
Q

T cell –> effector T –>

A

Cytotoxic T + memory T

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19
Q

Microscopic component of pathogen that causes immune response

A

Antigen

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20
Q

Explain epitope

A

Subunit of antigen that bind with t-cell or antibody and elicit immune responses

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21
Q

3 potential outcomes of antibody attaching to antigen

A
  1. Activate complement system
  2. Tag pathogen for destruction by B or T cells
  3. Neutralizes pathogen
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22
Q

MHC

A

Major histocompatibility complex proteins

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23
Q

MHCs allow immune cells to…

A

Recognize/communicate with eachother

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24
Q

HLA

A

Human leukocyte antigens

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25
Q

Predispose susceptibility to AI disease

A

HLAs

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26
Q

Neutrophils ____ after killing

A

Die

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27
Q

Macrophage nickname

A

Large eaters

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28
Q

Macrophages release interleukins that….

A

Present antigens to helper T cells to elicit adaptive immune response

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29
Q

Type of cell that multipies in allergic disorders

A

Eosinophils

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30
Q

2 cells that circulate in peripheral blood and react to allergic disorders

A

Basophils

Mast cells

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31
Q

Interferons role

A

Inhibit tumor growth

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32
Q

Most aggressive WBCs in IS

A

NK

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33
Q

Optimal length of exss on immune system

A

30 min

34
Q

Strenous exss may ____ IS

A

Harm

35
Q

Most common anaphylactic shock

A

Bee sting

36
Q

Atopy

A

IgE mediated diseases - genetic predisposition to produce too much IgE —–> hypersensitivity

37
Q

4 types of hypersensitivity

A
  1. Allergic reactions
  2. Cytotoxic rxn to self antigen
  3. Immune complex hypersensitivity
  4. Cell mediated
38
Q

What is produced instead of IgG in type 1 hypersensitivity?

A

IgE

39
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity: body’s own tissue IDed as _________

A

Antigen

40
Q

Outcome of type 3 hypersensitivity

A

Acute inflammation/tissue injury

41
Q

Response in type 4 hypersensitivity

A

Delayed

Ex: graft vs host

42
Q

3 populations at highest risk for HIV/AIDS

A

Gay men
Sex workers
IV drug users

43
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

44
Q

AIDS caused by

A

Virus

45
Q

In AIDS, there is a dec in what kind of cell?

A

Helper T

46
Q

Benefit of exercise for patients with HIV

A

Can increase CD4 cells and delay symptoms

47
Q

Can people with AIDS exercise?

A

Yes if they get medical clearance

48
Q

Exercise may provide _______ in HIV/AIDS pts

A

Pain relief

49
Q

CFS

A

Chronic fatigue syndrome

50
Q

Monitor this in pts with CFS while you exercise them

A

Vital signs

51
Q

It has been proven that exercise can have this outcome for pts with CFS

A

Decreased fatigue intensity

52
Q

Name dat antibody:

Largest

A

IgM

53
Q

Name dat antibody:

Expressed on surface of B cells

A

IgM + IgD

54
Q

Name dat antibody:

Major antiviral/antibac antibody in blood

A

IgG

55
Q

Name dat antibody:

Defends external body surfaces

A

IgA

56
Q

Name dat antibody:

Bound to receptors on mast cells/basophils

A

IgE

57
Q

Name dat antibody:

Predominant antibody on B lymphocytes

A

IgD

58
Q

Type of T cell that prevents autoimmune disease

A

Regulatory/supressor

59
Q

Cellular immunity cannot be transferred _________ to another human

A

Passively

60
Q

4 potential outcomes if an antigen gets past external defenses

A
  1. B lymphocyte recognizes and produces antibodies to neutralize
  2. T lymphocyte recognizes and cytokines kill
  3. Cytotoxic T cell recognizes and destroys (virus)
  4. Complement system
61
Q

3 overall effects of aging on IS

A
  1. Dec resistance to pathogens
  2. Inc number of tumors
  3. Inc autoimmune disorders
62
Q

Production of autoantibodies is seen in…

A

Autoimmune diseases

63
Q

Humoral therapy for AI disease

A

Remove antibodies

64
Q

Cell-mediated therapy for AI disease

A

Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapies

65
Q

Autoimmune disease triad

A
  1. Genetic vulnerability
  2. Environmental trigger
  3. Leaky gut
66
Q

SLE

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

67
Q

DLE

A

Discoid lupus erythematosus

68
Q

Inflammation location of DLE

A

Just skin

69
Q

Inflammation location of SLE

A

Organ/body system

70
Q

Main symptom of SLE/DLE

A

Joint pain/swelling

71
Q

Biggest PT consideration for SLE

A

Avoid bedrest

72
Q

Most common MS disorder of US

A

fibromyalgia

73
Q

Major muscle affected significantly in FMS

A

Diaphragm

74
Q

FMS has a strong connection with..

A

Anxiety

75
Q

4 treatments for FMS

A
  1. Stress mgt
  2. Meds
  3. Modalities
  4. Aerobic exss
76
Q

Chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease resulting in destruction of joint tissue

A

RA

77
Q

Main etiology of RA

A

Infiltration of T cells in synovial fluid

78
Q

RA involves joints _________

A

Symetrically

79
Q

Primary goal of PT for RA

A

State of remission

80
Q

For RA, do not _____________ inflamed joints

A

Stress/strain

Patho (17 decks)

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