Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 0

What does bronchioles lack that bronchi do not?

Answer 0

Cartilaginous plates.

Question 1

What is located at the bifurcation of the trachea into the two primary bronchi that produces a strong reflux?

Answer 1

The carina

Question 2

What is the sume of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 2

Vital Lung capacity

Question 3

What is the volume of air that is inspired or expired iwth each breath at rest?

Answer 3

Tidal Volume (500 mL)

Question 4

The volume of air that can be inspired in addition to tidal volume with forceful inspiration.

Answer 4

Inspiratory reserve volume (3000 mL)

Question 5

The volume of air remaining in lungs after forceful expiration.

Answer 5

Residual Volume (1200mL)

Question 6

The additional volume of air that can be expired at end of tidal volume by forceful expiration.

Answer 6

Expiratory Reserve Volume (1100 mL)

Question 7

The volume by which the lungs and thorax increase for each unit pressure change in the transpulmonary pressure.

Answer 7

Compliance

Question 8

What is directly proportional to distensibility and volume and indirectly porportional to pressure.

Answer 8

Compliance

Question 9

What is the average size alveolus (radius about 100 micrometers)?

Answer 9

The surface tension pressure is about 4 cm of water pressure with surfactant and 18 cm of water pressure without surfactant.

Question 10

Minute ventilation

Answer 10

is equal to tidal volume X respiration rate

Question 11

During expiration alveolar pressure=

Answer 11

0 to +1 cm H20

Question 12

During inspiration alveolar pressure=

Answer 12

0 to -1 cm H2O

Question 13

During expiration pleural pressure=

Answer 13

-7.5 to -5 cm H2O

Question 14

During inspiration pleural pressure=

Answer 14

-5 to -7.5 cm H2O

Question 15

The difference btw the alveolar pressure and the pleural pressure

Answer 15

Transpulmonary pressure

Question 16

What is the pressure of the air inside the alveoli?

Answer 16

Alveolar pressure

Question 17

Pleural pressure is

Answer 17

the pressure of the fluid btw parietal pleura and the visceral pleura.

Question 18

Alveolar ventilation=

Answer 18

(tidal volume - dead space)X breathing rate = .35 X breathing rate

Question 19

What is the dead space in a normal individual?

Answer 19

.15 liters

Question 20

What does physiological dead space include?

Answer 20

the anatomic dead space + ventilated alveoli with poor or absent perfusion

Question 21

What is the space in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles….

Answer 21

Anatomic dead space.

Question 22

Alveolar ventilation (Va)

Answer 22

Total volume of gases that enter spaces participating in gas exchange per minute

Question 23

The sum of all the volumes= vital capacity plus residual volume

Answer 23

Total lung capacity(5800mL)

Question 24

The sum of all the volumes that can be inspired or exhaled?

Answer 24

Vital capacity (4600 mL)