Chemistry day 8

Question 0

gain of electrons

Answer 0

reduction

Question 1

Loss of electrons

Answer 1

oxidation

Question 2

elements in their elemental form

Answer 2

zero oxidations state

Question 3

group one metals

Answer 3

+1

Question 4

group 2 metals

Answer 4

+2

Question 5

Hydrogen

Answer 5

+1 except when bonded to metals then -1..

Question 6

Transition metals…

Answer 6

must be deteremined by anions charge… (Al=+3, Zn=+2, Cd=+2, Ag=+1)

Question 7

most electrognegative elements get

Answer 7

their typical oxidation state

Question 8

The last element not assigned balances….

Answer 8

balances the compound/ion

Question 9

Oxidizing agent(oxidant)

Answer 9

species that is reduced

Question 10

reducing agent(reductant)

Answer 10

speies that is oxidiezed

Question 11

Elements or compounds are oxidized/reduced

Answer 11

entire chemical species act as the reducing/oxidizing agents

Question 12

Anode

Answer 12

ALWAYs the size of oxidation…. an ox… electrochemical cell

Question 13

Cathode… electrochemical cells

Answer 13

always teh site of recution RED CAT

Question 14

Electrochemical Cells

Answer 14

Electrons always flow from anode to cathode

Question 15

Anions flow to the…

Answer 15

anode and cations to the cathode through the salt bridge…

Question 16

Galvanic/voltaid

Answer 16

(spontaneous) cells, the cathode is + and the anode is -

Question 17

Electrolyic cell

Answer 17

non-spontaneous… the anode is + and the cathode is -

Question 18

metal/metal salt solution cells

Answer 18

the cathode gains mass, while the anode loses mass

Question 19

Voltaic cells

Answer 19

Battires E>0… Produce electricity …… Anode(-) to Cathode(+) species oxidized…

Question 20

Standard Hydrogen Electrode SHE

Answer 20

potnetial of 0.00 V

Question 21

Solid

Answer 21

can not effect shift in equillibrium

Question 22

shift to the right…

Answer 22

higher potential

Question 23

shift to the left

Answer 23

lower potential

Question 24

Spontaneous Rxns

Answer 24

G0 Q<K

Question 25

strongest oxidizing agent

Answer 25

most spontaneous

Question 26

oxidized, reduced

Answer 26

product

Question 27

Stable nuclei

Answer 27

even numbers of protons and or neutrons to be more stable

Question 28

N/Z ration

Answer 28

Magic numbers are more stable (2,8,20,50,82,126)

Question 29

Parent—>

Answer 29

daughter + energy

Question 30

moss is always lost

Answer 30

E= mc^2

Question 31

Alpha decay

Answer 31

reduces mass #… large nuclei below the belt

Question 32

Beta deca (beta emission)

Answer 32

n—-> p N/Z is too hight… same net result 0/-1

Question 33

B + decay (Positron emission)

Answer 33

0/4 p—>n…. N/Z too low

Question 34

gamma decay…

Answer 34

excited state to lower state

Question 35

the splitting of larger nuclei into smaller nuclei

Answer 35

fission

Question 36

the combination of smaller nuclei into larger nuclei

Answer 36

fusion

Question 37

Rate of Decay

Answer 37

Always first order (InN=lnNo-kt) natural log

Question 38

half life…

Answer 38

t1/2= .693/k

Question 39

amount of energy holding somethign together

Answer 39

mass defect

Question 40

E=

Answer 40

mc^2

Question 41

1g=

Answer 41

6.022X10^23 amu

Question 42

Calculating nuclear biding energy

Answer 42

1 calculate mass defect (actual mass- predicted mass)

2. convert to kg
3. plug inot E=chang mc^2
4. divide by # of nucleons (total of p+n; same as mass #)